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Alarming situation of emerging H5 and H7 avian influenza and effective control strategies

Avian influenza viruses continue to present challenges to animal and human health. Viruses bearing the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of the H5 subtype and H7 subtype have caused 2634 human cases around the world, including more than 1000 deaths. These viruses have caused numerous disease outbreaks in wild...

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Autores principales: Shi, Jianzhong, Zeng, Xianying, Cui, Pengfei, Yan, Cheng, Chen, Hualan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Taylor & Francis 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9754034/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36458831
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2022.2155072
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author Shi, Jianzhong
Zeng, Xianying
Cui, Pengfei
Yan, Cheng
Chen, Hualan
author_facet Shi, Jianzhong
Zeng, Xianying
Cui, Pengfei
Yan, Cheng
Chen, Hualan
author_sort Shi, Jianzhong
collection PubMed
description Avian influenza viruses continue to present challenges to animal and human health. Viruses bearing the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of the H5 subtype and H7 subtype have caused 2634 human cases around the world, including more than 1000 deaths. These viruses have caused numerous disease outbreaks in wild birds and domestic poultry, and are responsible for the loss of at least 422 million domestic birds since 2005. The H5 influenza viruses are spread by migratory wild birds and have caused three waves of influenza outbreaks across multiple continents, and the third wave that started in 2020 is ongoing. Many countries in Europe and North America control highly pathogenic avian influenza by culling alone, whereas some countries, including China, have adopted a “cull plus vaccination” strategy. As the largest poultry-producing country in the world, China lost relatively few poultry during the three waves of global H5 avian influenza outbreaks, and nearly eliminated the pervasive H7N9 viruses that emerged in 2013. In this review, we briefly summarize the damages the H5 and H7 influenza viruses have caused to the global poultry industry and public health, analyze the origin, evolution, and spread of the H5 viruses that caused the waves, and discuss how and why the vaccination strategy in China has been a success. Given that the H5N1 viruses are widely circulating in wild birds and causing problems in domestic poultry around the world, we recommend that any unnecessary obstacles to vaccination strategies should be removed immediately and forever.
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spelling pubmed-97540342022-12-16 Alarming situation of emerging H5 and H7 avian influenza and effective control strategies Shi, Jianzhong Zeng, Xianying Cui, Pengfei Yan, Cheng Chen, Hualan Emerg Microbes Infect Influenza Infections Avian influenza viruses continue to present challenges to animal and human health. Viruses bearing the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of the H5 subtype and H7 subtype have caused 2634 human cases around the world, including more than 1000 deaths. These viruses have caused numerous disease outbreaks in wild birds and domestic poultry, and are responsible for the loss of at least 422 million domestic birds since 2005. The H5 influenza viruses are spread by migratory wild birds and have caused three waves of influenza outbreaks across multiple continents, and the third wave that started in 2020 is ongoing. Many countries in Europe and North America control highly pathogenic avian influenza by culling alone, whereas some countries, including China, have adopted a “cull plus vaccination” strategy. As the largest poultry-producing country in the world, China lost relatively few poultry during the three waves of global H5 avian influenza outbreaks, and nearly eliminated the pervasive H7N9 viruses that emerged in 2013. In this review, we briefly summarize the damages the H5 and H7 influenza viruses have caused to the global poultry industry and public health, analyze the origin, evolution, and spread of the H5 viruses that caused the waves, and discuss how and why the vaccination strategy in China has been a success. Given that the H5N1 viruses are widely circulating in wild birds and causing problems in domestic poultry around the world, we recommend that any unnecessary obstacles to vaccination strategies should be removed immediately and forever. Taylor & Francis 2022-12-12 /pmc/articles/PMC9754034/ /pubmed/36458831 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2022.2155072 Text en © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group, on behalf of Shanghai Shangyixun Cultural Communication Co., Ltd https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Influenza Infections
Shi, Jianzhong
Zeng, Xianying
Cui, Pengfei
Yan, Cheng
Chen, Hualan
Alarming situation of emerging H5 and H7 avian influenza and effective control strategies
title Alarming situation of emerging H5 and H7 avian influenza and effective control strategies
title_full Alarming situation of emerging H5 and H7 avian influenza and effective control strategies
title_fullStr Alarming situation of emerging H5 and H7 avian influenza and effective control strategies
title_full_unstemmed Alarming situation of emerging H5 and H7 avian influenza and effective control strategies
title_short Alarming situation of emerging H5 and H7 avian influenza and effective control strategies
title_sort alarming situation of emerging h5 and h7 avian influenza and effective control strategies
topic Influenza Infections
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9754034/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36458831
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2022.2155072
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