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Investigating visual expertise in sculpture: A methodological approach using eye tracking

Research on visual expertise has progressed significantly due to the availability of eye tracking tools. However, attempts to bring together research on expertise and eye tracking methodology provoke several challenges, because visual information processes should be studied in authentic and domain-s...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Stein, Isabell, Jossberger, Helen, Gruber, Hans
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Bern Open Publishing 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9754618/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36530479
http://dx.doi.org/10.16910/jemr.15.2.5
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author Stein, Isabell
Jossberger, Helen
Gruber, Hans
author_facet Stein, Isabell
Jossberger, Helen
Gruber, Hans
author_sort Stein, Isabell
collection PubMed
description Research on visual expertise has progressed significantly due to the availability of eye tracking tools. However, attempts to bring together research on expertise and eye tracking methodology provoke several challenges, because visual information processes should be studied in authentic and domain-specific environments. Among the barriers to designing appropriate research are the proper definition of levels of expertise, the tension between internal (experimental control) and external (authentic environments) validity, and the appropriate methodology to study eye movements in a three-dimensional environment. This exploratory study aims to address these challenges and to provide an adequate research setting by investigating visual expertise in sculpting. Eye movements and gaze patterns of 20 participants were investigated while looking at two sculptures in a museum. The participants were assigned to four different groups based on their level of expertise (laypersons, novices, semi-experts, experts). Using mobile eye tracking, the following parameters were measured: number of fixations, duration of fixation, dwell time in relevant areas, and revisits in relevant areas. Moreover, scan paths were analysed using the eyenalysis approach. Conclusions are drawn on both the nature of visual expertise in sculpting and the potential (and limitations) of empirical designs that aim to investigate expertise in authentic environments.
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spelling pubmed-97546182022-12-16 Investigating visual expertise in sculpture: A methodological approach using eye tracking Stein, Isabell Jossberger, Helen Gruber, Hans J Eye Mov Res Research Article Research on visual expertise has progressed significantly due to the availability of eye tracking tools. However, attempts to bring together research on expertise and eye tracking methodology provoke several challenges, because visual information processes should be studied in authentic and domain-specific environments. Among the barriers to designing appropriate research are the proper definition of levels of expertise, the tension between internal (experimental control) and external (authentic environments) validity, and the appropriate methodology to study eye movements in a three-dimensional environment. This exploratory study aims to address these challenges and to provide an adequate research setting by investigating visual expertise in sculpting. Eye movements and gaze patterns of 20 participants were investigated while looking at two sculptures in a museum. The participants were assigned to four different groups based on their level of expertise (laypersons, novices, semi-experts, experts). Using mobile eye tracking, the following parameters were measured: number of fixations, duration of fixation, dwell time in relevant areas, and revisits in relevant areas. Moreover, scan paths were analysed using the eyenalysis approach. Conclusions are drawn on both the nature of visual expertise in sculpting and the potential (and limitations) of empirical designs that aim to investigate expertise in authentic environments. Bern Open Publishing 2022-06-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9754618/ /pubmed/36530479 http://dx.doi.org/10.16910/jemr.15.2.5 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Stein, Isabell
Jossberger, Helen
Gruber, Hans
Investigating visual expertise in sculpture: A methodological approach using eye tracking
title Investigating visual expertise in sculpture: A methodological approach using eye tracking
title_full Investigating visual expertise in sculpture: A methodological approach using eye tracking
title_fullStr Investigating visual expertise in sculpture: A methodological approach using eye tracking
title_full_unstemmed Investigating visual expertise in sculpture: A methodological approach using eye tracking
title_short Investigating visual expertise in sculpture: A methodological approach using eye tracking
title_sort investigating visual expertise in sculpture: a methodological approach using eye tracking
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9754618/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36530479
http://dx.doi.org/10.16910/jemr.15.2.5
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