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Preliminary evidence for a lower brain age in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a debilitating disorder with apparent roots in abnormal brain development. Here, we quantified the level of individual brain maturation in children with ADHD using structural neuroimaging and a recently developed machine learning algorithm. More spe...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Kurth, Florian, Levitt, Jennifer G., Gaser, Christian, Alger, Jeffry, Loo, Sandra K., Narr, Katherine L., O’Neill, Joseph, Luders, Eileen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9755736/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36532197
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1019546
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author Kurth, Florian
Levitt, Jennifer G.
Gaser, Christian
Alger, Jeffry
Loo, Sandra K.
Narr, Katherine L.
O’Neill, Joseph
Luders, Eileen
author_facet Kurth, Florian
Levitt, Jennifer G.
Gaser, Christian
Alger, Jeffry
Loo, Sandra K.
Narr, Katherine L.
O’Neill, Joseph
Luders, Eileen
author_sort Kurth, Florian
collection PubMed
description Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a debilitating disorder with apparent roots in abnormal brain development. Here, we quantified the level of individual brain maturation in children with ADHD using structural neuroimaging and a recently developed machine learning algorithm. More specifically, we compared the BrainAGE index between three groups matched for chronological age (mean ± SD: 11.86 ± 3.25 years): 89 children diagnosed with ADHD, 34 asymptomatic siblings of those children with ADHD, and 21 unrelated healthy control children. Brains of children with ADHD were estimated significantly younger (−0.85 years) than brains of healthy controls (Cohen’s d = −0.33; p = 0.028, one-tailed), while there were no significant differences between unaffected siblings and healthy controls. In addition, more severe ADHD symptoms were significantly associated with younger appearing brains. Altogether, these results are in line with the proposed delay of individual brain maturation in children with ADHD. However, given the relatively small sample size (N = 144), the findings should be considered preliminary and need to be confirmed in future studies.
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spelling pubmed-97557362022-12-17 Preliminary evidence for a lower brain age in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Kurth, Florian Levitt, Jennifer G. Gaser, Christian Alger, Jeffry Loo, Sandra K. Narr, Katherine L. O’Neill, Joseph Luders, Eileen Front Psychiatry Psychiatry Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a debilitating disorder with apparent roots in abnormal brain development. Here, we quantified the level of individual brain maturation in children with ADHD using structural neuroimaging and a recently developed machine learning algorithm. More specifically, we compared the BrainAGE index between three groups matched for chronological age (mean ± SD: 11.86 ± 3.25 years): 89 children diagnosed with ADHD, 34 asymptomatic siblings of those children with ADHD, and 21 unrelated healthy control children. Brains of children with ADHD were estimated significantly younger (−0.85 years) than brains of healthy controls (Cohen’s d = −0.33; p = 0.028, one-tailed), while there were no significant differences between unaffected siblings and healthy controls. In addition, more severe ADHD symptoms were significantly associated with younger appearing brains. Altogether, these results are in line with the proposed delay of individual brain maturation in children with ADHD. However, given the relatively small sample size (N = 144), the findings should be considered preliminary and need to be confirmed in future studies. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-12-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9755736/ /pubmed/36532197 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1019546 Text en Copyright © 2022 Kurth, Levitt, Gaser, Alger, Loo, Narr, O’Neill and Luders. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychiatry
Kurth, Florian
Levitt, Jennifer G.
Gaser, Christian
Alger, Jeffry
Loo, Sandra K.
Narr, Katherine L.
O’Neill, Joseph
Luders, Eileen
Preliminary evidence for a lower brain age in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
title Preliminary evidence for a lower brain age in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
title_full Preliminary evidence for a lower brain age in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
title_fullStr Preliminary evidence for a lower brain age in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
title_full_unstemmed Preliminary evidence for a lower brain age in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
title_short Preliminary evidence for a lower brain age in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
title_sort preliminary evidence for a lower brain age in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
topic Psychiatry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9755736/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36532197
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1019546
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