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The gut microbiota, HPA axis, and brain in adolescent-onset depression: Probiotics as a novel treatment

Stress-associated disruptions in the development of frontolimbic regions may play a critical role in the emergence of adolescent-onset depression. These regions are particularly sensitive to Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis signaling. The HPA axis is hyperactive in adolescent depression, an...

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Autores principales: Freimer, Daniel, Yang, Tony T., Ho, Tiffany C., Tymofiyeva, Olga, Leung, Cherry
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9758412/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36536630
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100541
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author Freimer, Daniel
Yang, Tony T.
Ho, Tiffany C.
Tymofiyeva, Olga
Leung, Cherry
author_facet Freimer, Daniel
Yang, Tony T.
Ho, Tiffany C.
Tymofiyeva, Olga
Leung, Cherry
author_sort Freimer, Daniel
collection PubMed
description Stress-associated disruptions in the development of frontolimbic regions may play a critical role in the emergence of adolescent-onset depression. These regions are particularly sensitive to Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis signaling. The HPA axis is hyperactive in adolescent depression, and interventions that attenuate such hyperactivity hold promise as potential treatments. The Microbiome-Gut-Brain (MGB) axis is an important pathway through which stress dysregulates HPA-axis activity and thus exerts deleterious effects on the adolescent brain. Probiotic agents, which alter the gut microbiota composition by introducing bacterial strains with beneficial physiological effects, normalize aberrant HPA-axis activity and reduce depressive symptoms in both animal studies and adult clinical trials. While the potential utility of such agents in treating or preventing adolescent depression remains largely unexplored, recent data suggest the existence of an adolescent sensitive window during which probiotics may be especially efficacious in reducing depressive symptoms compared to effects observed in adult populations. In this review, we outline evidence that probiotic use may attenuate stress effects on frontolimbic development, providing a novel means of improving depressive symptoms among adolescent populations.
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spelling pubmed-97584122022-12-18 The gut microbiota, HPA axis, and brain in adolescent-onset depression: Probiotics as a novel treatment Freimer, Daniel Yang, Tony T. Ho, Tiffany C. Tymofiyeva, Olga Leung, Cherry Brain Behav Immun Health Full Length Article Stress-associated disruptions in the development of frontolimbic regions may play a critical role in the emergence of adolescent-onset depression. These regions are particularly sensitive to Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis signaling. The HPA axis is hyperactive in adolescent depression, and interventions that attenuate such hyperactivity hold promise as potential treatments. The Microbiome-Gut-Brain (MGB) axis is an important pathway through which stress dysregulates HPA-axis activity and thus exerts deleterious effects on the adolescent brain. Probiotic agents, which alter the gut microbiota composition by introducing bacterial strains with beneficial physiological effects, normalize aberrant HPA-axis activity and reduce depressive symptoms in both animal studies and adult clinical trials. While the potential utility of such agents in treating or preventing adolescent depression remains largely unexplored, recent data suggest the existence of an adolescent sensitive window during which probiotics may be especially efficacious in reducing depressive symptoms compared to effects observed in adult populations. In this review, we outline evidence that probiotic use may attenuate stress effects on frontolimbic development, providing a novel means of improving depressive symptoms among adolescent populations. Elsevier 2022-10-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9758412/ /pubmed/36536630 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100541 Text en © 2022 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Full Length Article
Freimer, Daniel
Yang, Tony T.
Ho, Tiffany C.
Tymofiyeva, Olga
Leung, Cherry
The gut microbiota, HPA axis, and brain in adolescent-onset depression: Probiotics as a novel treatment
title The gut microbiota, HPA axis, and brain in adolescent-onset depression: Probiotics as a novel treatment
title_full The gut microbiota, HPA axis, and brain in adolescent-onset depression: Probiotics as a novel treatment
title_fullStr The gut microbiota, HPA axis, and brain in adolescent-onset depression: Probiotics as a novel treatment
title_full_unstemmed The gut microbiota, HPA axis, and brain in adolescent-onset depression: Probiotics as a novel treatment
title_short The gut microbiota, HPA axis, and brain in adolescent-onset depression: Probiotics as a novel treatment
title_sort gut microbiota, hpa axis, and brain in adolescent-onset depression: probiotics as a novel treatment
topic Full Length Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9758412/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36536630
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100541
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