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Prevalence, risk and protective factors of alcohol use disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic in U.S. military veterans

BACKGROUND: There have been reports of increased alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic in the general population. However, little is known about the impact of the pandemic on the prevalence of alcohol use disorder (AUD), especially in high-risk samples such as U.S. military veterans. METH...

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Autores principales: Na, Peter J., Norman, Sonya B., Nichter, Brandon, Hill, Melanie L., Rosen, Marc I., Petrakis, Ismene L., Pietrzak, Robert H.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier B.V. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9758576/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34171825
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108818
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author Na, Peter J.
Norman, Sonya B.
Nichter, Brandon
Hill, Melanie L.
Rosen, Marc I.
Petrakis, Ismene L.
Pietrzak, Robert H.
author_facet Na, Peter J.
Norman, Sonya B.
Nichter, Brandon
Hill, Melanie L.
Rosen, Marc I.
Petrakis, Ismene L.
Pietrzak, Robert H.
author_sort Na, Peter J.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: There have been reports of increased alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic in the general population. However, little is known about the impact of the pandemic on the prevalence of alcohol use disorder (AUD), especially in high-risk samples such as U.S. military veterans. METHODS: Data were analyzed from the 2019–2020 National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study, which surveyed a nationally representative, prospective cohort of 3078 U.S. veterans. Pre-pandemic and 1-year peri-pandemic risk and protective factors associated with incident and chronic probable AUD were examined. RESULTS: A total of 6.9 % (n = 183) of veterans were classified as chronic probable AUD, 3.2 % (n = 85) as remitted from AUD, and 2.7 % (n = 71) as incident probable AUD during the pandemic; the prevalence of probable AUD in the full sample remained stable —10.1 % pre-pandemic and 9.6 % peri-pandemic. Younger age, greater pre-pandemic alcohol use severity, and COVID-related stressors were associated with incident AUD during the pandemic, whereas higher pre-pandemic household income was associated with lower risk of this outcome. Younger age, combat experience, lifetime substance use disorder, greater drug use severity, lower dispositional optimism, and more COVID-related worries and social restriction stress were associated with higher risk of chronic AUD. CONCLUSIONS: Nearly 1-in-10 US veterans screened positive for AUD 1-year into the pandemic; however, the pre- and 1-year peri-pandemic prevalence of probable AUD remained stable. Veterans who are younger, have served in combat roles, endorse more COVID-related stressors, and have fewer socioeconomic resources may be at higher risk for AUD during the pandemic.
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spelling pubmed-97585762022-12-19 Prevalence, risk and protective factors of alcohol use disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic in U.S. military veterans Na, Peter J. Norman, Sonya B. Nichter, Brandon Hill, Melanie L. Rosen, Marc I. Petrakis, Ismene L. Pietrzak, Robert H. Drug Alcohol Depend Article BACKGROUND: There have been reports of increased alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic in the general population. However, little is known about the impact of the pandemic on the prevalence of alcohol use disorder (AUD), especially in high-risk samples such as U.S. military veterans. METHODS: Data were analyzed from the 2019–2020 National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study, which surveyed a nationally representative, prospective cohort of 3078 U.S. veterans. Pre-pandemic and 1-year peri-pandemic risk and protective factors associated with incident and chronic probable AUD were examined. RESULTS: A total of 6.9 % (n = 183) of veterans were classified as chronic probable AUD, 3.2 % (n = 85) as remitted from AUD, and 2.7 % (n = 71) as incident probable AUD during the pandemic; the prevalence of probable AUD in the full sample remained stable —10.1 % pre-pandemic and 9.6 % peri-pandemic. Younger age, greater pre-pandemic alcohol use severity, and COVID-related stressors were associated with incident AUD during the pandemic, whereas higher pre-pandemic household income was associated with lower risk of this outcome. Younger age, combat experience, lifetime substance use disorder, greater drug use severity, lower dispositional optimism, and more COVID-related worries and social restriction stress were associated with higher risk of chronic AUD. CONCLUSIONS: Nearly 1-in-10 US veterans screened positive for AUD 1-year into the pandemic; however, the pre- and 1-year peri-pandemic prevalence of probable AUD remained stable. Veterans who are younger, have served in combat roles, endorse more COVID-related stressors, and have fewer socioeconomic resources may be at higher risk for AUD during the pandemic. Elsevier B.V. 2021-08-01 2021-06-18 /pmc/articles/PMC9758576/ /pubmed/34171825 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108818 Text en © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Article
Na, Peter J.
Norman, Sonya B.
Nichter, Brandon
Hill, Melanie L.
Rosen, Marc I.
Petrakis, Ismene L.
Pietrzak, Robert H.
Prevalence, risk and protective factors of alcohol use disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic in U.S. military veterans
title Prevalence, risk and protective factors of alcohol use disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic in U.S. military veterans
title_full Prevalence, risk and protective factors of alcohol use disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic in U.S. military veterans
title_fullStr Prevalence, risk and protective factors of alcohol use disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic in U.S. military veterans
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence, risk and protective factors of alcohol use disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic in U.S. military veterans
title_short Prevalence, risk and protective factors of alcohol use disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic in U.S. military veterans
title_sort prevalence, risk and protective factors of alcohol use disorder during the covid-19 pandemic in u.s. military veterans
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9758576/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34171825
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108818
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