Cargando…

Identification of ocular refraction based on deep learning algorithm as a novel retinoscopy method

BACKGROUND: The evaluation of refraction is indispensable in ophthalmic clinics, generally requiring a refractor or retinoscopy under cycloplegia. Retinal fundus photographs (RFPs) supply a wealth of information related to the human eye and might provide a promising approach that is more convenient...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Zou, Haohan, Shi, Shenda, Yang, Xiaoyan, Ma, Jiaonan, Fan, Qian, Chen, Xuan, Wang, Yibing, Zhang, Mingdong, Song, Jiaxin, Jiang, Yanglin, Li, Lihua, He, Xin, Jhanji, Vishal, Wang, Shengjin, Song, Meina, Wang, Yan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9758840/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36528597
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12938-022-01057-9
_version_ 1784852125076946944
author Zou, Haohan
Shi, Shenda
Yang, Xiaoyan
Ma, Jiaonan
Fan, Qian
Chen, Xuan
Wang, Yibing
Zhang, Mingdong
Song, Jiaxin
Jiang, Yanglin
Li, Lihua
He, Xin
Jhanji, Vishal
Wang, Shengjin
Song, Meina
Wang, Yan
author_facet Zou, Haohan
Shi, Shenda
Yang, Xiaoyan
Ma, Jiaonan
Fan, Qian
Chen, Xuan
Wang, Yibing
Zhang, Mingdong
Song, Jiaxin
Jiang, Yanglin
Li, Lihua
He, Xin
Jhanji, Vishal
Wang, Shengjin
Song, Meina
Wang, Yan
author_sort Zou, Haohan
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The evaluation of refraction is indispensable in ophthalmic clinics, generally requiring a refractor or retinoscopy under cycloplegia. Retinal fundus photographs (RFPs) supply a wealth of information related to the human eye and might provide a promising approach that is more convenient and objective. Here, we aimed to develop and validate a fusion model-based deep learning system (FMDLS) to identify ocular refraction via RFPs and compare with the cycloplegic refraction. In this population-based comparative study, we retrospectively collected 11,973 RFPs from May 1, 2020 to November 20, 2021. The performance of the regression models for sphere and cylinder was evaluated using mean absolute error (MAE). The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, and F1-score were used to evaluate the classification model of the cylinder axis. RESULTS: Overall, 7873 RFPs were retained for analysis. For sphere and cylinder, the MAE values between the FMDLS and cycloplegic refraction were 0.50 D and 0.31 D, representing an increase of 29.41% and 26.67%, respectively, when compared with the single models. The correlation coefficients (r) were 0.949 and 0.807, respectively. For axis analysis, the accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, and area under the curve value of the classification model were 0.89, 0.941, 0.882, and 0.814, respectively, and the F1-score was 0.88. CONCLUSIONS: The FMDLS successfully identified the ocular refraction in sphere, cylinder, and axis, and showed good agreement with the cycloplegic refraction. The RFPs can provide not only comprehensive fundus information but also the refractive state of the eye, highlighting their potential clinical value. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12938-022-01057-9.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9758840
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher BioMed Central
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-97588402022-12-18 Identification of ocular refraction based on deep learning algorithm as a novel retinoscopy method Zou, Haohan Shi, Shenda Yang, Xiaoyan Ma, Jiaonan Fan, Qian Chen, Xuan Wang, Yibing Zhang, Mingdong Song, Jiaxin Jiang, Yanglin Li, Lihua He, Xin Jhanji, Vishal Wang, Shengjin Song, Meina Wang, Yan Biomed Eng Online Research BACKGROUND: The evaluation of refraction is indispensable in ophthalmic clinics, generally requiring a refractor or retinoscopy under cycloplegia. Retinal fundus photographs (RFPs) supply a wealth of information related to the human eye and might provide a promising approach that is more convenient and objective. Here, we aimed to develop and validate a fusion model-based deep learning system (FMDLS) to identify ocular refraction via RFPs and compare with the cycloplegic refraction. In this population-based comparative study, we retrospectively collected 11,973 RFPs from May 1, 2020 to November 20, 2021. The performance of the regression models for sphere and cylinder was evaluated using mean absolute error (MAE). The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, and F1-score were used to evaluate the classification model of the cylinder axis. RESULTS: Overall, 7873 RFPs were retained for analysis. For sphere and cylinder, the MAE values between the FMDLS and cycloplegic refraction were 0.50 D and 0.31 D, representing an increase of 29.41% and 26.67%, respectively, when compared with the single models. The correlation coefficients (r) were 0.949 and 0.807, respectively. For axis analysis, the accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, and area under the curve value of the classification model were 0.89, 0.941, 0.882, and 0.814, respectively, and the F1-score was 0.88. CONCLUSIONS: The FMDLS successfully identified the ocular refraction in sphere, cylinder, and axis, and showed good agreement with the cycloplegic refraction. The RFPs can provide not only comprehensive fundus information but also the refractive state of the eye, highlighting their potential clinical value. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12938-022-01057-9. BioMed Central 2022-12-17 /pmc/articles/PMC9758840/ /pubmed/36528597 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12938-022-01057-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Zou, Haohan
Shi, Shenda
Yang, Xiaoyan
Ma, Jiaonan
Fan, Qian
Chen, Xuan
Wang, Yibing
Zhang, Mingdong
Song, Jiaxin
Jiang, Yanglin
Li, Lihua
He, Xin
Jhanji, Vishal
Wang, Shengjin
Song, Meina
Wang, Yan
Identification of ocular refraction based on deep learning algorithm as a novel retinoscopy method
title Identification of ocular refraction based on deep learning algorithm as a novel retinoscopy method
title_full Identification of ocular refraction based on deep learning algorithm as a novel retinoscopy method
title_fullStr Identification of ocular refraction based on deep learning algorithm as a novel retinoscopy method
title_full_unstemmed Identification of ocular refraction based on deep learning algorithm as a novel retinoscopy method
title_short Identification of ocular refraction based on deep learning algorithm as a novel retinoscopy method
title_sort identification of ocular refraction based on deep learning algorithm as a novel retinoscopy method
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9758840/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36528597
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12938-022-01057-9
work_keys_str_mv AT zouhaohan identificationofocularrefractionbasedondeeplearningalgorithmasanovelretinoscopymethod
AT shishenda identificationofocularrefractionbasedondeeplearningalgorithmasanovelretinoscopymethod
AT yangxiaoyan identificationofocularrefractionbasedondeeplearningalgorithmasanovelretinoscopymethod
AT majiaonan identificationofocularrefractionbasedondeeplearningalgorithmasanovelretinoscopymethod
AT fanqian identificationofocularrefractionbasedondeeplearningalgorithmasanovelretinoscopymethod
AT chenxuan identificationofocularrefractionbasedondeeplearningalgorithmasanovelretinoscopymethod
AT wangyibing identificationofocularrefractionbasedondeeplearningalgorithmasanovelretinoscopymethod
AT zhangmingdong identificationofocularrefractionbasedondeeplearningalgorithmasanovelretinoscopymethod
AT songjiaxin identificationofocularrefractionbasedondeeplearningalgorithmasanovelretinoscopymethod
AT jiangyanglin identificationofocularrefractionbasedondeeplearningalgorithmasanovelretinoscopymethod
AT lilihua identificationofocularrefractionbasedondeeplearningalgorithmasanovelretinoscopymethod
AT hexin identificationofocularrefractionbasedondeeplearningalgorithmasanovelretinoscopymethod
AT jhanjivishal identificationofocularrefractionbasedondeeplearningalgorithmasanovelretinoscopymethod
AT wangshengjin identificationofocularrefractionbasedondeeplearningalgorithmasanovelretinoscopymethod
AT songmeina identificationofocularrefractionbasedondeeplearningalgorithmasanovelretinoscopymethod
AT wangyan identificationofocularrefractionbasedondeeplearningalgorithmasanovelretinoscopymethod