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Gender differences in income among psychiatrists in China: Findings from a national survey
BACKGROUND: Gender income disparity in healthcare settings is a longstanding issue around the globe, but such evidence among Chinese psychiatrists is scarce. This study investigated whether gender income differences exist among physicians in China. METHODS: Data came from the 2019 national survey da...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9761767/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36544804 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1026532 |
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author | Han, Xinxin Shen, Lijun Tong, Jiayu Jiang, Feng Liu, Huanzhong Zhu, Jiming |
author_facet | Han, Xinxin Shen, Lijun Tong, Jiayu Jiang, Feng Liu, Huanzhong Zhu, Jiming |
author_sort | Han, Xinxin |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Gender income disparity in healthcare settings is a longstanding issue around the globe, but such evidence among Chinese psychiatrists is scarce. This study investigated whether gender income differences exist among physicians in China. METHODS: Data came from the 2019 national survey data of 4,520 psychiatrists in major public psychiatric hospitals across China. Self-reported monthly income after tax (in Chinese Yuan, CNY) by participants at all professional ranks was assessed. Average monthly income by gender was reported. Adjusted income differences between male and female psychiatrists were examined using multivariable regression models, adjusting with inverse probability of treatment weights and controlling for psychiatrist demographics (e.g., gender, professional rank, marital status, educational level, and work hours) and hospital fixed effects. RESULTS: The unadjusted mean difference in monthly income after tax by gender was 555 CNY (about $86; 95% CI, −825 to −284; mean [SD] for men: 8,652 [4,783] CNY and for women: 8,097 [4,350] CNY) in all psychiatrists. After regression adjustments, the income difference by gender among all psychiatrists reduced substantially and became insignificant. However, gender income difference was still observed among senior-level psychiatrists, where female psychiatrists earned 453 CNY (about $70; 95% CI, −810 to −95) significantly less than male psychiatrists. CONCLUSION: China achieved gender equity in income for psychiatrists overall, the observed income differences among senior level psychiatrists, however, reveal the persistence of gender inequity at the highest level of professional hierarchy. These findings call for policy attention to the issue of gender income disparity among psychiatrists in China's healthcare system. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9761767 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97617672022-12-20 Gender differences in income among psychiatrists in China: Findings from a national survey Han, Xinxin Shen, Lijun Tong, Jiayu Jiang, Feng Liu, Huanzhong Zhu, Jiming Front Public Health Public Health BACKGROUND: Gender income disparity in healthcare settings is a longstanding issue around the globe, but such evidence among Chinese psychiatrists is scarce. This study investigated whether gender income differences exist among physicians in China. METHODS: Data came from the 2019 national survey data of 4,520 psychiatrists in major public psychiatric hospitals across China. Self-reported monthly income after tax (in Chinese Yuan, CNY) by participants at all professional ranks was assessed. Average monthly income by gender was reported. Adjusted income differences between male and female psychiatrists were examined using multivariable regression models, adjusting with inverse probability of treatment weights and controlling for psychiatrist demographics (e.g., gender, professional rank, marital status, educational level, and work hours) and hospital fixed effects. RESULTS: The unadjusted mean difference in monthly income after tax by gender was 555 CNY (about $86; 95% CI, −825 to −284; mean [SD] for men: 8,652 [4,783] CNY and for women: 8,097 [4,350] CNY) in all psychiatrists. After regression adjustments, the income difference by gender among all psychiatrists reduced substantially and became insignificant. However, gender income difference was still observed among senior-level psychiatrists, where female psychiatrists earned 453 CNY (about $70; 95% CI, −810 to −95) significantly less than male psychiatrists. CONCLUSION: China achieved gender equity in income for psychiatrists overall, the observed income differences among senior level psychiatrists, however, reveal the persistence of gender inequity at the highest level of professional hierarchy. These findings call for policy attention to the issue of gender income disparity among psychiatrists in China's healthcare system. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-12-05 /pmc/articles/PMC9761767/ /pubmed/36544804 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1026532 Text en Copyright © 2022 Han, Shen, Tong, Jiang, Liu and Zhu. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Public Health Han, Xinxin Shen, Lijun Tong, Jiayu Jiang, Feng Liu, Huanzhong Zhu, Jiming Gender differences in income among psychiatrists in China: Findings from a national survey |
title | Gender differences in income among psychiatrists in China: Findings from a national survey |
title_full | Gender differences in income among psychiatrists in China: Findings from a national survey |
title_fullStr | Gender differences in income among psychiatrists in China: Findings from a national survey |
title_full_unstemmed | Gender differences in income among psychiatrists in China: Findings from a national survey |
title_short | Gender differences in income among psychiatrists in China: Findings from a national survey |
title_sort | gender differences in income among psychiatrists in china: findings from a national survey |
topic | Public Health |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9761767/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36544804 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1026532 |
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