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Parainfluenza and corona viruses in a fallow deer (Dama dama) with fatal respiratory disease

Parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV-3) and coronaviruses (CoV) are commonly found in respiratory tracts of ruminants and capable of causing clinical disease. Here, we investigated the cause of ill-thrift and sudden death in a five-month-old male fallow deer which occurred in December 2019. The calf was...

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Autores principales: Dastjerdi, Akbar, Floyd, Tobias, Swinson, Vanessa, Davies, Hannah, Barber, Andrew, Wight, Alan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9763933/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36561391
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.1059681
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author Dastjerdi, Akbar
Floyd, Tobias
Swinson, Vanessa
Davies, Hannah
Barber, Andrew
Wight, Alan
author_facet Dastjerdi, Akbar
Floyd, Tobias
Swinson, Vanessa
Davies, Hannah
Barber, Andrew
Wight, Alan
author_sort Dastjerdi, Akbar
collection PubMed
description Parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV-3) and coronaviruses (CoV) are commonly found in respiratory tracts of ruminants and capable of causing clinical disease. Here, we investigated the cause of ill-thrift and sudden death in a five-month-old male fallow deer which occurred in December 2019. The calf was one of the five calves in a herd of 170 deer that, along with three adult hinds, died during a 2-week period. The deer calves were in a shed, sharing airspace with young cattle that had been reported to be coughing. Significant gross pathology was observed in the respiratory and alimentary tracts of the deer calf and histopathology of the lung and trachea was suggestive of likely involvement of PIV-3. Strong and specific cytoplasmic labeling of bronchiolar epithelium and terminal airway, alike those seen with PIV-3 pneumonia in cattle, was observed using a polyclonal bovine PIV-3 antibody. Metagenomic analysis detected a PIV-3 and a CoV in the lung tissue. The PIV-3 L protein gene had the highest sequence identity with those of bovine PIV-3 (83.1 to 98.4%) and phylogenetically clustered with bovine PIV-3 in the genotype C. The CoV spike protein gene shared 96.7% to 97.9% sequence identity with those of bovine CoVs, but only 53.1% identity with SARS-CoV-2 reference virus. We believe this is the first report of PIV-3 and CoV co-infection in fallow deer and their association with fatal pneumonia; major pathology caused by PIV-3.
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spelling pubmed-97639332022-12-21 Parainfluenza and corona viruses in a fallow deer (Dama dama) with fatal respiratory disease Dastjerdi, Akbar Floyd, Tobias Swinson, Vanessa Davies, Hannah Barber, Andrew Wight, Alan Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science Parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV-3) and coronaviruses (CoV) are commonly found in respiratory tracts of ruminants and capable of causing clinical disease. Here, we investigated the cause of ill-thrift and sudden death in a five-month-old male fallow deer which occurred in December 2019. The calf was one of the five calves in a herd of 170 deer that, along with three adult hinds, died during a 2-week period. The deer calves were in a shed, sharing airspace with young cattle that had been reported to be coughing. Significant gross pathology was observed in the respiratory and alimentary tracts of the deer calf and histopathology of the lung and trachea was suggestive of likely involvement of PIV-3. Strong and specific cytoplasmic labeling of bronchiolar epithelium and terminal airway, alike those seen with PIV-3 pneumonia in cattle, was observed using a polyclonal bovine PIV-3 antibody. Metagenomic analysis detected a PIV-3 and a CoV in the lung tissue. The PIV-3 L protein gene had the highest sequence identity with those of bovine PIV-3 (83.1 to 98.4%) and phylogenetically clustered with bovine PIV-3 in the genotype C. The CoV spike protein gene shared 96.7% to 97.9% sequence identity with those of bovine CoVs, but only 53.1% identity with SARS-CoV-2 reference virus. We believe this is the first report of PIV-3 and CoV co-infection in fallow deer and their association with fatal pneumonia; major pathology caused by PIV-3. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-12-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9763933/ /pubmed/36561391 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.1059681 Text en Copyright © 2022 Dastjerdi, Floyd, Swinson, Davies, Barber and Wight. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Dastjerdi, Akbar
Floyd, Tobias
Swinson, Vanessa
Davies, Hannah
Barber, Andrew
Wight, Alan
Parainfluenza and corona viruses in a fallow deer (Dama dama) with fatal respiratory disease
title Parainfluenza and corona viruses in a fallow deer (Dama dama) with fatal respiratory disease
title_full Parainfluenza and corona viruses in a fallow deer (Dama dama) with fatal respiratory disease
title_fullStr Parainfluenza and corona viruses in a fallow deer (Dama dama) with fatal respiratory disease
title_full_unstemmed Parainfluenza and corona viruses in a fallow deer (Dama dama) with fatal respiratory disease
title_short Parainfluenza and corona viruses in a fallow deer (Dama dama) with fatal respiratory disease
title_sort parainfluenza and corona viruses in a fallow deer (dama dama) with fatal respiratory disease
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9763933/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36561391
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.1059681
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