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Numerical Analysis of Microchannels Designed for Heat Sinks

Conjugate heat transfer is numerically investigated using a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics approach in various microchannel geometries to identify a high-performance cooling method for piezoelectric ceramic stacks and spindle units in high-precision machines. Straight microchannels w...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: McCormack, Matthew, Fang, Fengzhou, Zhang, Jufan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Nature Singapore 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9768014/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36568336
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41871-021-00118-2
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author McCormack, Matthew
Fang, Fengzhou
Zhang, Jufan
author_facet McCormack, Matthew
Fang, Fengzhou
Zhang, Jufan
author_sort McCormack, Matthew
collection PubMed
description Conjugate heat transfer is numerically investigated using a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics approach in various microchannel geometries to identify a high-performance cooling method for piezoelectric ceramic stacks and spindle units in high-precision machines. Straight microchannels with rectangular cross sections are first considered, showing the performance limitations of decreasing the size of the microchannels, so other solutions are needed for high applied heat fluxes. Next, many microchannel designs, focusing on streamwise geometric variation, are compared to straight channels to assess their performances. Sinusoidally varying channels produce the highest heat transfer rates of those studied. Thus, their optimization is considered at a channel width and height of 35 and 100 μm, respectively. Heat transfer increases as the amplitude and spatial frequencies of the channels increase due to increased interfacial surface area and enhanced Dean flow. The highest performance efficiencies are observed at intermediate levels of amplitude and frequency, with efficiency decreasing as these geometric parameters are increased further at the onset of flow separation. The sinusoidal channel geometries are then optimized with respect to minimizing the system’s pressure drop for all applied heat fluxes between 5690 and 6510 kW/m(2). Doing so created an optimal geometry curve and showed that all geometries in this region had amplitudes close to 40 μm. Therefore, imposing a fixed heat flux requirement for a case study of cooling piezoelectric ceramics, the optimized sinusoidal geometry decreases the system pressure drop by 79% relative to a straight channel while maintaining a larger minimum feature size.
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spelling pubmed-97680142022-12-22 Numerical Analysis of Microchannels Designed for Heat Sinks McCormack, Matthew Fang, Fengzhou Zhang, Jufan Nanomanuf Metrol Original Article Conjugate heat transfer is numerically investigated using a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics approach in various microchannel geometries to identify a high-performance cooling method for piezoelectric ceramic stacks and spindle units in high-precision machines. Straight microchannels with rectangular cross sections are first considered, showing the performance limitations of decreasing the size of the microchannels, so other solutions are needed for high applied heat fluxes. Next, many microchannel designs, focusing on streamwise geometric variation, are compared to straight channels to assess their performances. Sinusoidally varying channels produce the highest heat transfer rates of those studied. Thus, their optimization is considered at a channel width and height of 35 and 100 μm, respectively. Heat transfer increases as the amplitude and spatial frequencies of the channels increase due to increased interfacial surface area and enhanced Dean flow. The highest performance efficiencies are observed at intermediate levels of amplitude and frequency, with efficiency decreasing as these geometric parameters are increased further at the onset of flow separation. The sinusoidal channel geometries are then optimized with respect to minimizing the system’s pressure drop for all applied heat fluxes between 5690 and 6510 kW/m(2). Doing so created an optimal geometry curve and showed that all geometries in this region had amplitudes close to 40 μm. Therefore, imposing a fixed heat flux requirement for a case study of cooling piezoelectric ceramics, the optimized sinusoidal geometry decreases the system pressure drop by 79% relative to a straight channel while maintaining a larger minimum feature size. Springer Nature Singapore 2021-11-11 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC9768014/ /pubmed/36568336 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41871-021-00118-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Original Article
McCormack, Matthew
Fang, Fengzhou
Zhang, Jufan
Numerical Analysis of Microchannels Designed for Heat Sinks
title Numerical Analysis of Microchannels Designed for Heat Sinks
title_full Numerical Analysis of Microchannels Designed for Heat Sinks
title_fullStr Numerical Analysis of Microchannels Designed for Heat Sinks
title_full_unstemmed Numerical Analysis of Microchannels Designed for Heat Sinks
title_short Numerical Analysis of Microchannels Designed for Heat Sinks
title_sort numerical analysis of microchannels designed for heat sinks
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9768014/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36568336
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41871-021-00118-2
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