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Mechanical Linkage between Achilles Tendon and Plantar Fascia Accounts for Range of Motion of Human Ankle–Foot Complex
PURPOSE: The human ankle–foot complex possesses a passive range of motion (ROM) through changes in tibiocalcaneal (θ(cal)) and foot arch (θ(arch)) angles. Based on the anatomical linkage between the Achilles tendon (AT) and plantar fascia (PF), we hypothesized that AT and PF with different mechanica...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9770132/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35977106 http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000003020 |
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author | SHIOTANI, HIROTO TAKAHASHI, KATSUKI HONMA, YUKI TOMARI, KAZUKI HAYASHI, HIDETAKA SADO, NATSUKI KAWAKAMI, YASUO |
author_facet | SHIOTANI, HIROTO TAKAHASHI, KATSUKI HONMA, YUKI TOMARI, KAZUKI HAYASHI, HIDETAKA SADO, NATSUKI KAWAKAMI, YASUO |
author_sort | SHIOTANI, HIROTO |
collection | PubMed |
description | PURPOSE: The human ankle–foot complex possesses a passive range of motion (ROM) through changes in tibiocalcaneal (θ(cal)) and foot arch (θ(arch)) angles. Based on the anatomical linkage between the Achilles tendon (AT) and plantar fascia (PF), we hypothesized that AT and PF with different mechanical properties conjointly modulate the passive ROM of the human ankle–foot complex. We examined the association of AT and PF stiffness with passive ankle–foot ROM and further addressed differences between sexes. METHODS: A series of sagittal magnetic resonance images of the foot and passive ankle plantar flexion torque were obtained for 20 men and 20 women with their ankle–foot passively rotated from 30° of plantar flexion to 20° of dorsiflexion. Based on the measured changes in AT and PF lengths, θ(cal), θ(arch), and passive torque, AT and PF stiffness were determined. RESULTS: Upon passive ankle dorsiflexion, AT and PF were lengthened; their length changes were inversely correlated. Men showed a stiffer AT, more compliant PF, less calcaneal rotation, and greater foot arch deformation compared with women. Furthermore, we found inverse correlations between AT stiffness and ROM of θ(cal), and between PF stiffness and ROM of θ(arch) in men and women. CONCLUSIONS: Passive AT and PF extensibility counter each other. AT and PF stiffness and passive ROM of ankle–foot components were countered between sexes; however, associations between stiffness and passive ROM of the ankle–foot complex were consistent between sexes. Our findings support the notion that the balanced mechanical interaction between the AT and PF can account for the passive ROM of the human ankle–foot complex in vivo, and the differences between sexes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9770132 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97701322022-12-28 Mechanical Linkage between Achilles Tendon and Plantar Fascia Accounts for Range of Motion of Human Ankle–Foot Complex SHIOTANI, HIROTO TAKAHASHI, KATSUKI HONMA, YUKI TOMARI, KAZUKI HAYASHI, HIDETAKA SADO, NATSUKI KAWAKAMI, YASUO Med Sci Sports Exerc Applied Sciences PURPOSE: The human ankle–foot complex possesses a passive range of motion (ROM) through changes in tibiocalcaneal (θ(cal)) and foot arch (θ(arch)) angles. Based on the anatomical linkage between the Achilles tendon (AT) and plantar fascia (PF), we hypothesized that AT and PF with different mechanical properties conjointly modulate the passive ROM of the human ankle–foot complex. We examined the association of AT and PF stiffness with passive ankle–foot ROM and further addressed differences between sexes. METHODS: A series of sagittal magnetic resonance images of the foot and passive ankle plantar flexion torque were obtained for 20 men and 20 women with their ankle–foot passively rotated from 30° of plantar flexion to 20° of dorsiflexion. Based on the measured changes in AT and PF lengths, θ(cal), θ(arch), and passive torque, AT and PF stiffness were determined. RESULTS: Upon passive ankle dorsiflexion, AT and PF were lengthened; their length changes were inversely correlated. Men showed a stiffer AT, more compliant PF, less calcaneal rotation, and greater foot arch deformation compared with women. Furthermore, we found inverse correlations between AT stiffness and ROM of θ(cal), and between PF stiffness and ROM of θ(arch) in men and women. CONCLUSIONS: Passive AT and PF extensibility counter each other. AT and PF stiffness and passive ROM of ankle–foot components were countered between sexes; however, associations between stiffness and passive ROM of the ankle–foot complex were consistent between sexes. Our findings support the notion that the balanced mechanical interaction between the AT and PF can account for the passive ROM of the human ankle–foot complex in vivo, and the differences between sexes. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2023-01 2022-08-12 /pmc/articles/PMC9770132/ /pubmed/35977106 http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000003020 Text en Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Sports Medicine. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) , where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. |
spellingShingle | Applied Sciences SHIOTANI, HIROTO TAKAHASHI, KATSUKI HONMA, YUKI TOMARI, KAZUKI HAYASHI, HIDETAKA SADO, NATSUKI KAWAKAMI, YASUO Mechanical Linkage between Achilles Tendon and Plantar Fascia Accounts for Range of Motion of Human Ankle–Foot Complex |
title | Mechanical Linkage between Achilles Tendon and Plantar Fascia Accounts for Range of Motion of Human Ankle–Foot Complex |
title_full | Mechanical Linkage between Achilles Tendon and Plantar Fascia Accounts for Range of Motion of Human Ankle–Foot Complex |
title_fullStr | Mechanical Linkage between Achilles Tendon and Plantar Fascia Accounts for Range of Motion of Human Ankle–Foot Complex |
title_full_unstemmed | Mechanical Linkage between Achilles Tendon and Plantar Fascia Accounts for Range of Motion of Human Ankle–Foot Complex |
title_short | Mechanical Linkage between Achilles Tendon and Plantar Fascia Accounts for Range of Motion of Human Ankle–Foot Complex |
title_sort | mechanical linkage between achilles tendon and plantar fascia accounts for range of motion of human ankle–foot complex |
topic | Applied Sciences |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9770132/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35977106 http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000003020 |
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