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Case report: Persistent shedding of a live vaccine-derived rubella virus in a young man with severe combined immunodeficiency and cutaneous granuloma
A young man with X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency developed a persistent vaccine-derived rubella virus (VDRV) infection, with the emergence of cutaneous granulomas more than fifteen years after receipt of two doses of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. Following nasopharyngeal swab (NP) c...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9773200/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36569925 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1075351 |
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author | Bonner, Kimberly E. Sukerman, Ellie Liko, Juventila Lanzieri, Tatiana M. Sutton, Melissa DeBess, Emilio Leesman, Christopher Icenogle, Joseph Hao, LiJuan Chen, Min-hsin Faisthalab, Raeesa Leman, Richard F. Cieslak, Paul R. DeRavin, Suk See Perelygina, Ludmila |
author_facet | Bonner, Kimberly E. Sukerman, Ellie Liko, Juventila Lanzieri, Tatiana M. Sutton, Melissa DeBess, Emilio Leesman, Christopher Icenogle, Joseph Hao, LiJuan Chen, Min-hsin Faisthalab, Raeesa Leman, Richard F. Cieslak, Paul R. DeRavin, Suk See Perelygina, Ludmila |
author_sort | Bonner, Kimberly E. |
collection | PubMed |
description | A young man with X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency developed a persistent vaccine-derived rubella virus (VDRV) infection, with the emergence of cutaneous granulomas more than fifteen years after receipt of two doses of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. Following nasopharyngeal swab (NP) collection, VDRV was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and sequencing, and live, replication-competent VDRV was isolated in cell culture. To assess duration and intensity of viral shedding, sequential respiratory samples, one cerebrospinal fluid sample, and two urine samples were collected over 15 months, and VDRV RNA was detected in all samples by RT-qPCR. Live VDRV was cultured from nine of the eleven respiratory specimens and from one urine specimen. To our knowledge, this was the first reported instance of VDRV cultured from respiratory specimens or from urine. To assess potential transmission to close contacts, NP specimens and sera were collected from all household contacts, all of whom were immunocompetent and previously vaccinated with MMR. VDRV RNA was not detected in any NP swabs from the contacts, nor did serologic investigations suggest VDRV transmission to any contacts. This report highlights the need to understand the prevalence and duration of VDRV shedding in granuloma patients and to estimate the risk of VDRV transmission to immune and non-immune contacts. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9773200 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97732002022-12-23 Case report: Persistent shedding of a live vaccine-derived rubella virus in a young man with severe combined immunodeficiency and cutaneous granuloma Bonner, Kimberly E. Sukerman, Ellie Liko, Juventila Lanzieri, Tatiana M. Sutton, Melissa DeBess, Emilio Leesman, Christopher Icenogle, Joseph Hao, LiJuan Chen, Min-hsin Faisthalab, Raeesa Leman, Richard F. Cieslak, Paul R. DeRavin, Suk See Perelygina, Ludmila Front Immunol Immunology A young man with X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency developed a persistent vaccine-derived rubella virus (VDRV) infection, with the emergence of cutaneous granulomas more than fifteen years after receipt of two doses of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. Following nasopharyngeal swab (NP) collection, VDRV was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and sequencing, and live, replication-competent VDRV was isolated in cell culture. To assess duration and intensity of viral shedding, sequential respiratory samples, one cerebrospinal fluid sample, and two urine samples were collected over 15 months, and VDRV RNA was detected in all samples by RT-qPCR. Live VDRV was cultured from nine of the eleven respiratory specimens and from one urine specimen. To our knowledge, this was the first reported instance of VDRV cultured from respiratory specimens or from urine. To assess potential transmission to close contacts, NP specimens and sera were collected from all household contacts, all of whom were immunocompetent and previously vaccinated with MMR. VDRV RNA was not detected in any NP swabs from the contacts, nor did serologic investigations suggest VDRV transmission to any contacts. This report highlights the need to understand the prevalence and duration of VDRV shedding in granuloma patients and to estimate the risk of VDRV transmission to immune and non-immune contacts. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-12-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9773200/ /pubmed/36569925 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1075351 Text en Copyright © 2022 Bonner, Sukerman, Liko, Lanzieri, Sutton, DeBess, Leesman, Icenogle, Hao, Chen, Faisthalab, Leman, Cieslak, DeRavin and Perelygina https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Bonner, Kimberly E. Sukerman, Ellie Liko, Juventila Lanzieri, Tatiana M. Sutton, Melissa DeBess, Emilio Leesman, Christopher Icenogle, Joseph Hao, LiJuan Chen, Min-hsin Faisthalab, Raeesa Leman, Richard F. Cieslak, Paul R. DeRavin, Suk See Perelygina, Ludmila Case report: Persistent shedding of a live vaccine-derived rubella virus in a young man with severe combined immunodeficiency and cutaneous granuloma |
title | Case report: Persistent shedding of a live vaccine-derived rubella virus in a young man with severe combined immunodeficiency and cutaneous granuloma |
title_full | Case report: Persistent shedding of a live vaccine-derived rubella virus in a young man with severe combined immunodeficiency and cutaneous granuloma |
title_fullStr | Case report: Persistent shedding of a live vaccine-derived rubella virus in a young man with severe combined immunodeficiency and cutaneous granuloma |
title_full_unstemmed | Case report: Persistent shedding of a live vaccine-derived rubella virus in a young man with severe combined immunodeficiency and cutaneous granuloma |
title_short | Case report: Persistent shedding of a live vaccine-derived rubella virus in a young man with severe combined immunodeficiency and cutaneous granuloma |
title_sort | case report: persistent shedding of a live vaccine-derived rubella virus in a young man with severe combined immunodeficiency and cutaneous granuloma |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9773200/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36569925 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1075351 |
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