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Redox Status, Estrogen and Progesterone Production by Swine Granulosa Cells Are Impaired by Triclosan

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Triclosan is widely used in cosmetics and hygiene products, including anti-bacterial hand sanitizers and disinfectants whose utilization has been greatly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Since critical health effects have been demonstrated for this substance we tested its pote...

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Autores principales: Basini, Giuseppina, Grasselli, Francesca, Quintavalla, Fausto, Bussolati, Simona, Andreoli, Valentina, Carrillo Heredero, Alicia Maria, Bertini, Simone
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9774123/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36552479
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12243559
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author Basini, Giuseppina
Grasselli, Francesca
Quintavalla, Fausto
Bussolati, Simona
Andreoli, Valentina
Carrillo Heredero, Alicia Maria
Bertini, Simone
author_facet Basini, Giuseppina
Grasselli, Francesca
Quintavalla, Fausto
Bussolati, Simona
Andreoli, Valentina
Carrillo Heredero, Alicia Maria
Bertini, Simone
author_sort Basini, Giuseppina
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Triclosan is widely used in cosmetics and hygiene products, including anti-bacterial hand sanitizers and disinfectants whose utilization has been greatly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Since critical health effects have been demonstrated for this substance we tested its potential harmful action on ovarian cells collected from pigs, a valuable animal model. We demonstrated that Triclosan impairs cell function, thus suggesting an impairment of reproductive function. ABSTRACT: Triclosan is a chlorinated biphenolic with a broad spectrum of antiseptic activities used in cosmetics and hygiene products. Continuous exposure can lead to absorption and bioaccumulation of this substance with harmful health effects. In fact, previous studies have shown that Triclosan acts as an endocrine-disrupting chemical on reproductive organs, with consequent negative effects on reproductive physiology. Therefore, to assess potential adverse impacts on fertility, we tested Triclosan on swine granulosa cells, a model of endocrine reproductive cells. We examined its effects on the main features of granulosa cell functions such as cell growth (BrdU incorporation and ATP production) and steroidogenesis (17-β estradiol and progesterone secretion). Moreover, since oxidant–antioxidant balance plays a pivotal role in follicular function, redox status markers (superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide production, enzymatic and non-enzymatic scavenging activity) were studied. Our results show that Triclosan significantly inhibits cell growth (p < 0.001), steroidogenesis (p < 0.001), superoxide and nitric oxide production (p < 0.001), while it increases (p < 0.05) enzymatic defense systems. Collectively, these data suggest a disruption of the main granulosa cell functions, i.e., proliferation and hormone production, as well as an imbalance in redox status. On these bases, we can speculate that Triclosan would impair granulosa cell functions, thus exerting negative effects on reproductive function. Further studies are needed to explore lower Triclosan concentrations and to unravel its mechanisms of action at gene level.
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spelling pubmed-97741232022-12-23 Redox Status, Estrogen and Progesterone Production by Swine Granulosa Cells Are Impaired by Triclosan Basini, Giuseppina Grasselli, Francesca Quintavalla, Fausto Bussolati, Simona Andreoli, Valentina Carrillo Heredero, Alicia Maria Bertini, Simone Animals (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: Triclosan is widely used in cosmetics and hygiene products, including anti-bacterial hand sanitizers and disinfectants whose utilization has been greatly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Since critical health effects have been demonstrated for this substance we tested its potential harmful action on ovarian cells collected from pigs, a valuable animal model. We demonstrated that Triclosan impairs cell function, thus suggesting an impairment of reproductive function. ABSTRACT: Triclosan is a chlorinated biphenolic with a broad spectrum of antiseptic activities used in cosmetics and hygiene products. Continuous exposure can lead to absorption and bioaccumulation of this substance with harmful health effects. In fact, previous studies have shown that Triclosan acts as an endocrine-disrupting chemical on reproductive organs, with consequent negative effects on reproductive physiology. Therefore, to assess potential adverse impacts on fertility, we tested Triclosan on swine granulosa cells, a model of endocrine reproductive cells. We examined its effects on the main features of granulosa cell functions such as cell growth (BrdU incorporation and ATP production) and steroidogenesis (17-β estradiol and progesterone secretion). Moreover, since oxidant–antioxidant balance plays a pivotal role in follicular function, redox status markers (superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide production, enzymatic and non-enzymatic scavenging activity) were studied. Our results show that Triclosan significantly inhibits cell growth (p < 0.001), steroidogenesis (p < 0.001), superoxide and nitric oxide production (p < 0.001), while it increases (p < 0.05) enzymatic defense systems. Collectively, these data suggest a disruption of the main granulosa cell functions, i.e., proliferation and hormone production, as well as an imbalance in redox status. On these bases, we can speculate that Triclosan would impair granulosa cell functions, thus exerting negative effects on reproductive function. Further studies are needed to explore lower Triclosan concentrations and to unravel its mechanisms of action at gene level. MDPI 2022-12-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9774123/ /pubmed/36552479 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12243559 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Basini, Giuseppina
Grasselli, Francesca
Quintavalla, Fausto
Bussolati, Simona
Andreoli, Valentina
Carrillo Heredero, Alicia Maria
Bertini, Simone
Redox Status, Estrogen and Progesterone Production by Swine Granulosa Cells Are Impaired by Triclosan
title Redox Status, Estrogen and Progesterone Production by Swine Granulosa Cells Are Impaired by Triclosan
title_full Redox Status, Estrogen and Progesterone Production by Swine Granulosa Cells Are Impaired by Triclosan
title_fullStr Redox Status, Estrogen and Progesterone Production by Swine Granulosa Cells Are Impaired by Triclosan
title_full_unstemmed Redox Status, Estrogen and Progesterone Production by Swine Granulosa Cells Are Impaired by Triclosan
title_short Redox Status, Estrogen and Progesterone Production by Swine Granulosa Cells Are Impaired by Triclosan
title_sort redox status, estrogen and progesterone production by swine granulosa cells are impaired by triclosan
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9774123/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36552479
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12243559
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