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Platelet-Rich Plasma Gel Matrix (PRP-GM): Description of a New Technique
Several musculoskeletal conditions are triggered by inflammatory processes that occur along with imbalances between anabolic and catabolic events. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous product derived from peripheral blood with inherent immunomodulatory and anabolic properties. The clinical ef...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9774306/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36551023 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9120817 |
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author | Godoi, Thales Thiago Ferreira Rodrigues, Bruno Lima Huber, Stephany Cares Santana, Maria Helena Andrade da Fonseca, Lucas Furtado Santos, Gabriel Silva Azzini, Gabriel Ohana Marques Mosaner, Tomas Paulus-Romero, Chris Lana, José Fábio Santos Duarte |
author_facet | Godoi, Thales Thiago Ferreira Rodrigues, Bruno Lima Huber, Stephany Cares Santana, Maria Helena Andrade da Fonseca, Lucas Furtado Santos, Gabriel Silva Azzini, Gabriel Ohana Marques Mosaner, Tomas Paulus-Romero, Chris Lana, José Fábio Santos Duarte |
author_sort | Godoi, Thales Thiago Ferreira |
collection | PubMed |
description | Several musculoskeletal conditions are triggered by inflammatory processes that occur along with imbalances between anabolic and catabolic events. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous product derived from peripheral blood with inherent immunomodulatory and anabolic properties. The clinical efficacy of PRP has been evaluated in several musculoskeletal conditions, including osteoarthritis, tendinopathy, and osteonecrosis. When used in combination with hyaluronic acid (HA), a common treatment alternative, the regenerative properties of PRP are significantly enhanced and may provide additional benefits in terms of clinical outcomes. Recently, a new PRP-derived product has been reported in the literature and is being referred to as “plasma gel”. Plasma gels are obtained by polymerizing plasmatic proteins, which form solid thermal aggregates cross-linked with fibrin networks. Plasma gels are considered to be a rich source of growth factors and provide chemotactic, migratory, and proliferative properties. Additionally, clot formation and the associated fibrinolytic reactions play an additional role in tissue repair. There are only a few scientific articles focusing on plasma gels. Historically, they have been utilized in the fields of aesthetics and dentistry. Given that the combination of three products (PRP, HA, and plasma gel) could enhance tissue repair and wound healing, in this technical note, we propose a novel regenerative approach, named “PRP–HA cellular gel matrix” (PRP-GM), in which leukocyte-rich PRP (LR-PRP) is mixed with a plasma gel (obtained by heating the plasma up) and HA in one syringe using a three-way stopcock. The final product contains a fibrin–albumin network entangled with HA’s polymers, in which the cells and biomolecules derived from PRP are attached and released gradually as fibrinolytic reactions and hyaluronic acid degradation occur. The presence of leukocytes, especially monocytes and macrophages, promotes tissue regeneration, as type 2 macrophages (M2) possess an anti-inflammatory feature. In addition, HA promotes the viscosuplementation of the joint and induces an anti-inflammatory response, resulting in pain relief. This unique combination of biological molecules may contribute to the optimization of regenerative protocols suitable for the treatment of degenerative musculoskeletal diseases. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9774306 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97743062022-12-23 Platelet-Rich Plasma Gel Matrix (PRP-GM): Description of a New Technique Godoi, Thales Thiago Ferreira Rodrigues, Bruno Lima Huber, Stephany Cares Santana, Maria Helena Andrade da Fonseca, Lucas Furtado Santos, Gabriel Silva Azzini, Gabriel Ohana Marques Mosaner, Tomas Paulus-Romero, Chris Lana, José Fábio Santos Duarte Bioengineering (Basel) Technical Note Several musculoskeletal conditions are triggered by inflammatory processes that occur along with imbalances between anabolic and catabolic events. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous product derived from peripheral blood with inherent immunomodulatory and anabolic properties. The clinical efficacy of PRP has been evaluated in several musculoskeletal conditions, including osteoarthritis, tendinopathy, and osteonecrosis. When used in combination with hyaluronic acid (HA), a common treatment alternative, the regenerative properties of PRP are significantly enhanced and may provide additional benefits in terms of clinical outcomes. Recently, a new PRP-derived product has been reported in the literature and is being referred to as “plasma gel”. Plasma gels are obtained by polymerizing plasmatic proteins, which form solid thermal aggregates cross-linked with fibrin networks. Plasma gels are considered to be a rich source of growth factors and provide chemotactic, migratory, and proliferative properties. Additionally, clot formation and the associated fibrinolytic reactions play an additional role in tissue repair. There are only a few scientific articles focusing on plasma gels. Historically, they have been utilized in the fields of aesthetics and dentistry. Given that the combination of three products (PRP, HA, and plasma gel) could enhance tissue repair and wound healing, in this technical note, we propose a novel regenerative approach, named “PRP–HA cellular gel matrix” (PRP-GM), in which leukocyte-rich PRP (LR-PRP) is mixed with a plasma gel (obtained by heating the plasma up) and HA in one syringe using a three-way stopcock. The final product contains a fibrin–albumin network entangled with HA’s polymers, in which the cells and biomolecules derived from PRP are attached and released gradually as fibrinolytic reactions and hyaluronic acid degradation occur. The presence of leukocytes, especially monocytes and macrophages, promotes tissue regeneration, as type 2 macrophages (M2) possess an anti-inflammatory feature. In addition, HA promotes the viscosuplementation of the joint and induces an anti-inflammatory response, resulting in pain relief. This unique combination of biological molecules may contribute to the optimization of regenerative protocols suitable for the treatment of degenerative musculoskeletal diseases. MDPI 2022-12-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9774306/ /pubmed/36551023 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9120817 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Technical Note Godoi, Thales Thiago Ferreira Rodrigues, Bruno Lima Huber, Stephany Cares Santana, Maria Helena Andrade da Fonseca, Lucas Furtado Santos, Gabriel Silva Azzini, Gabriel Ohana Marques Mosaner, Tomas Paulus-Romero, Chris Lana, José Fábio Santos Duarte Platelet-Rich Plasma Gel Matrix (PRP-GM): Description of a New Technique |
title | Platelet-Rich Plasma Gel Matrix (PRP-GM): Description of a New Technique |
title_full | Platelet-Rich Plasma Gel Matrix (PRP-GM): Description of a New Technique |
title_fullStr | Platelet-Rich Plasma Gel Matrix (PRP-GM): Description of a New Technique |
title_full_unstemmed | Platelet-Rich Plasma Gel Matrix (PRP-GM): Description of a New Technique |
title_short | Platelet-Rich Plasma Gel Matrix (PRP-GM): Description of a New Technique |
title_sort | platelet-rich plasma gel matrix (prp-gm): description of a new technique |
topic | Technical Note |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9774306/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36551023 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9120817 |
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