Prognostic Role of Red Cell Distribution Width and Other Routine Clinico-Pathological Parameters in Dogs with Acute Pancreatitis

SIMPLE SUMMARY: This study aimed to assess the prognostic value of some commonly used and inexpensive hematological and biochemical parameters in dogs with acute pancreatitis. This is a multicenter study including 70 client-owned dogs. Statistical analysis was performed to obtain the accuracy of clinical and laboratory variables in order to predict short-term death (i.e., dead by 14 days) and to identify independent predictors of death. The survival rate was 72.9% (51 dogs) and 19 dogs died within 14 days of admission from AP. Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) had good accuracy to predict short-term death with the cut-off of >12.7% and >42 mg/dL, respectively. The results indicate that RDW, BUN and bilirubin are useful predictors of short-term death in dogs with acute pancreatitis. ABSTRACT: This study aimed to assess the prognostic value of red cell distribution width (RDW) RDW-to-calcium ratio (RDW/Ca), neutrophils-to-lymphocytes ratio (N/L), platelets-to-lymphocytes ratio (P/L) and other easy to obtain and inexpensive hematological and biochemical parameters in dogs with acute pancreatitis. This is a multicenter, retrospective cohort study including 70 client-owned dogs. The accuracy of clinical and laboratory variables to predict short-term death (i.e., dead by 14 days) was tested by calculating the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC). Independent predictors of death were identified using the multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model. The survival rate was 72.9% (51 dogs) and 19 dogs died within 14 days of admission from AP. RDW and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) had good accuracy to predict short-term dead with AUC of 0.74 and 0.70 at the cut-off of >12.7% and >42 mg/dL, respectively. According to the multivariable model, RDW (hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval [HR, 95% CI] = 5.08, 95% CI = 1.14–22.67; p = 0.03), BUN (HR = 1.00, 95% CI = 1.00–1.01; p < 0.01) and bilirubin (HR = 2.46, 95% CI = 1.38–4.39; p < 0.01) were independent predictors of death. The results indicate that RDW, BUN and bilirubin are useful predictors of short-term death in dogs with acute pancreatitis.