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The effects of saffron supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis

INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of death and disability in the world and is estimated to involve more people in the next years. It is said that alternative remedies such as herbs can be used to manage the complications of this disease. For this reason, we aime...

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Autores principales: Zamani, Mohammad, Zarei, Mahtab, Nikbaf-Shandiz, Mahlagha, Gholami, Fatemeh, Hosseini, Amir Mehdi, Nadery, Maryam, Shiraseb, Farideh, Asbaghi, Omid
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9774508/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36570145
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.1055517
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author Zamani, Mohammad
Zarei, Mahtab
Nikbaf-Shandiz, Mahlagha
Gholami, Fatemeh
Hosseini, Amir Mehdi
Nadery, Maryam
Shiraseb, Farideh
Asbaghi, Omid
author_facet Zamani, Mohammad
Zarei, Mahtab
Nikbaf-Shandiz, Mahlagha
Gholami, Fatemeh
Hosseini, Amir Mehdi
Nadery, Maryam
Shiraseb, Farideh
Asbaghi, Omid
author_sort Zamani, Mohammad
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of death and disability in the world and is estimated to involve more people in the next years. It is said that alternative remedies such as herbs can be used to manage the complications of this disease. For this reason, we aimed to conduct this meta-analysis to systematically assess and summarize the effects of saffron supplementation as an important herb on cardiovascular risk factors in adults. METHODS: A systematic search was done in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to find eligible articles up to September 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effects of saffron on lipid profiles, glycemic control, blood pressure, anthropometric measures, and inflammatory markers were included. In the meta-analysis, 32 studies were taken into account (n = 1674). RESULTS: Consumption of saffron significantly decreased triglyceride (TG) (WMD = −8.81 mg/dl, 95%CI: −14.33, −3.28; P = 0.002), total cholesterol (TC) (WMD = −6.87 mg/dl, 95%CI: −11.19, −2.56; P = 0.002), low density lipoprotein (LDL) (WMD = −6.71 mg/dl, 95%CI: −10.51, −2.91; P = 0.001), (P = 0.660), fasting blood glucose (FBG) level (WMD = −7.59 mg/dl, 95%CI: −11.88, −3.30; P = 0.001), HbA1c (WMD = −0.18%, 95%CI: −0.21, −0.07; P < 0.001), homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (WMD = −0.49, 95%CI: −0.89, −0.09; P = 0.016), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (WMD = −3.42 mmHg, 95%CI: −5.80, −1.04; P = 0.005), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) (WMD = −2.54 pg/ml, 95%CI: −4.43, −0.65; P = 0.008), waist circumference (WC) (WMD = −1.50 cm; 95%CI: −2.83, −0.18; P = 0.026), malondialdehyde (MDA) (WMD = −1.50 uM/L, 95%CI: −2.42, −0.57; P = 0.001), and alanine transferase (ALT) (WMD = −2.16 U/L, 95%CI: −4.10, −0.23; P = 0.028). Also, we observed that saffron had an increasing effect on total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (WMD = 0.07 mM/L, 95%CI: 0.01, 0.13; P = 0.032). There was linear regression between FBG and the duration of saffron intake. Additionally, the non-linear dose-response analysis has shown a significant association of saffron intervention with HDL (P = 0.049), HOMA-IR (P = 0.002), weight (P = 0.036), ALP (P = 0.016), FBG (P = 0.011), HbA1c (P = 0.002), and TNF-α (P = 0.042). A non-linear association between the length of the intervention and the level of HDL and DBP was also found. DISCUSSION: That seems saffron could effectively improve TG, TC, LDL, FBG, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, SBP, CRP, TNF-α, WC, MDA, TAC, and ALT.
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spelling pubmed-97745082022-12-23 The effects of saffron supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis Zamani, Mohammad Zarei, Mahtab Nikbaf-Shandiz, Mahlagha Gholami, Fatemeh Hosseini, Amir Mehdi Nadery, Maryam Shiraseb, Farideh Asbaghi, Omid Front Nutr Nutrition INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of death and disability in the world and is estimated to involve more people in the next years. It is said that alternative remedies such as herbs can be used to manage the complications of this disease. For this reason, we aimed to conduct this meta-analysis to systematically assess and summarize the effects of saffron supplementation as an important herb on cardiovascular risk factors in adults. METHODS: A systematic search was done in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to find eligible articles up to September 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effects of saffron on lipid profiles, glycemic control, blood pressure, anthropometric measures, and inflammatory markers were included. In the meta-analysis, 32 studies were taken into account (n = 1674). RESULTS: Consumption of saffron significantly decreased triglyceride (TG) (WMD = −8.81 mg/dl, 95%CI: −14.33, −3.28; P = 0.002), total cholesterol (TC) (WMD = −6.87 mg/dl, 95%CI: −11.19, −2.56; P = 0.002), low density lipoprotein (LDL) (WMD = −6.71 mg/dl, 95%CI: −10.51, −2.91; P = 0.001), (P = 0.660), fasting blood glucose (FBG) level (WMD = −7.59 mg/dl, 95%CI: −11.88, −3.30; P = 0.001), HbA1c (WMD = −0.18%, 95%CI: −0.21, −0.07; P < 0.001), homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (WMD = −0.49, 95%CI: −0.89, −0.09; P = 0.016), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (WMD = −3.42 mmHg, 95%CI: −5.80, −1.04; P = 0.005), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) (WMD = −2.54 pg/ml, 95%CI: −4.43, −0.65; P = 0.008), waist circumference (WC) (WMD = −1.50 cm; 95%CI: −2.83, −0.18; P = 0.026), malondialdehyde (MDA) (WMD = −1.50 uM/L, 95%CI: −2.42, −0.57; P = 0.001), and alanine transferase (ALT) (WMD = −2.16 U/L, 95%CI: −4.10, −0.23; P = 0.028). Also, we observed that saffron had an increasing effect on total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (WMD = 0.07 mM/L, 95%CI: 0.01, 0.13; P = 0.032). There was linear regression between FBG and the duration of saffron intake. Additionally, the non-linear dose-response analysis has shown a significant association of saffron intervention with HDL (P = 0.049), HOMA-IR (P = 0.002), weight (P = 0.036), ALP (P = 0.016), FBG (P = 0.011), HbA1c (P = 0.002), and TNF-α (P = 0.042). A non-linear association between the length of the intervention and the level of HDL and DBP was also found. DISCUSSION: That seems saffron could effectively improve TG, TC, LDL, FBG, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, SBP, CRP, TNF-α, WC, MDA, TAC, and ALT. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-12-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9774508/ /pubmed/36570145 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.1055517 Text en Copyright © 2022 Zamani, Zarei, Nikbaf-Shandiz, Gholami, Hosseini, Nadery, Shiraseb and Asbaghi. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Nutrition
Zamani, Mohammad
Zarei, Mahtab
Nikbaf-Shandiz, Mahlagha
Gholami, Fatemeh
Hosseini, Amir Mehdi
Nadery, Maryam
Shiraseb, Farideh
Asbaghi, Omid
The effects of saffron supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis
title The effects of saffron supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis
title_full The effects of saffron supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis
title_fullStr The effects of saffron supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed The effects of saffron supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis
title_short The effects of saffron supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis
title_sort effects of saffron supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis
topic Nutrition
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9774508/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36570145
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.1055517
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