A Preliminary Assessment of Compassion Fatigue in Chimpanzee Caregivers

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Compassion fatigue is when those in helping professions experience burnout and secondary traumatic stress in excess of the compassion satisfaction derived in interactions inherent to their occupation. It appears in medical professions and animal care workers and other occupations. This study was a preliminary assessment of the prevalence of compassion fatigue in chimpanzee caregivers using the Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL-V) survey. Levels of compassion satisfaction were high but levels of burnout and secondary traumatic stress were elevated indicating potential problems in this workforce. Compassion fatigue is associated with intention to leave the profession, poor mental health, and has a negative effect on the individuals receiving care. This article suggests ways to maintain compassion satisfaction and mitigate burnout and secondary traumatic stress. ABSTRACT: Compassion fatigue is defined as “traumatization of helpers through their efforts at helping others”. It has negative effects on clinicians including reduced satisfaction with work, fatigue, irritability, dread of going to work, and lack of joy in life. It is correlated with patients’ decreased satisfaction with care. Compassion fatigue occurs in a variety of helping professions including educators, social workers, mental health clinicians, and it also appears in nonhuman animal care workers. This study surveyed caregivers of chimpanzees using the ProQOL-V to assess the prevalence of compassion fatigue among this group. Compassion satisfaction is higher than many other types of animal care workers. Conversely, this group shows moderate levels of burnout and secondary traumatic stress; higher levels than other types of animal care workers and many medical professions. While compassion fatigue has an effect on the caregiver’s experience, it has potential to affect animal welfare. Caregivers are an integral part of the chimpanzee social network. Compassion fatigue affects the caregiver’s attitude, this could in turn affect the relationship and degrade the experience of care for captive chimpanzees. Compassion fatigue can be mitigated with professional development, mindfulness training, interrelationships among staff, and specialized training. This preliminary assessment indicates the work ahead is educating caregivers about compassion fatigue and implementing procedures in sanctuaries to mitigate burnout and secondary traumatic stress.