Dental Transmigration: An Observational Retrospective Study OF52 Mandibular Canines

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Transmigrated canines represent a rare eruptive entity that usually occurs at the mandible. The diagnosis is usually made after radiographic examinations, such as panoramic radiography. Its observation should be analyzed in detail with computerized scanner studies of the CBCT type. Although, in most cases, they are usually asymptomatic, the appearance of odontomas or the risk of developing tooth cysts should be considered. The age of diagnosis and its position will be decisive to assess dental replacement by orthodontic treatment. When this is not possible, surgical treatment is advised. ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of transmigrated canines in a Spanish population by evaluating their clinical and radiological characteristics. The descriptive observational study obtained 6840 orthopantomographs from all patients seeking dental care in the years 2017–21 via the Patient Reception Service and Dentistry Service at the Faculty of Dentistry at the Complutense University of Madrid and the Central Hospital of the Red Cross of Madrid (Spain). In total, 52 patients presented transmigrated canines, establishing a prevalence of 0.76%. This sample comprised 28 women and 24 men. Whenever a transmigrated canine was identified, a CBCT scan was obtained and used to evaluate the clinical and radiological variables associated with canine transmigration. The predominant side of the transmigration was the left (57.69%) compared to the right side (42.30%). The position of the canine, in order of frequency, according to the Mupparapu classification, corresponded to type IV (42.30%), type II (36.53%), type I (15.38%), and type V (5.76%), with no type III transmigrations found. Clinical manifestations were only recorded in 17.30% of cases, and 11.53% of the radiological findings showed the presence of tooth cysts that were confirmed by histopathological studies. Other impactions, in addition to the transmigrated canine, were found in five patients (9.61%), with the majority being the presence of third molars.