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Pyrvinium Pamoate: Past, Present, and Future as an Anti-Cancer Drug

Pyrvinium, a lipophilic cation belonging to the cyanine dye family, has been used in the clinic as a safe and effective anthelminthic for over 70 years. Its structure, similar to some polyaminopyrimidines and mitochondrial-targeting peptoids, has been linked with mitochondrial localization and targe...

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Autores principales: Schultz, Christopher W., Nevler, Avinoam
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9775650/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36552005
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10123249
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author Schultz, Christopher W.
Nevler, Avinoam
author_facet Schultz, Christopher W.
Nevler, Avinoam
author_sort Schultz, Christopher W.
collection PubMed
description Pyrvinium, a lipophilic cation belonging to the cyanine dye family, has been used in the clinic as a safe and effective anthelminthic for over 70 years. Its structure, similar to some polyaminopyrimidines and mitochondrial-targeting peptoids, has been linked with mitochondrial localization and targeting. Over the past two decades, increasing evidence has emerged showing pyrvinium to be a strong anti-cancer molecule in various human cancers in vitro and in vivo. This efficacy against cancers has been attributed to diverse mechanisms of action, with the weight of evidence supporting the inhibition of mitochondrial function, the WNT pathway, and cancer stem cell renewal. Despite the overwhelming evidence demonstrating the efficacy of pyrvinium for the treatment of human cancers, pyrvinium has not yet been repurposed for the treatment of cancers. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the history of pyrvinium as a therapeutic, the rationale and data supporting its use as an anticancer agent, and the challenges associated with repurposing pyrvinium as an anti-cancer agent.
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spelling pubmed-97756502022-12-23 Pyrvinium Pamoate: Past, Present, and Future as an Anti-Cancer Drug Schultz, Christopher W. Nevler, Avinoam Biomedicines Review Pyrvinium, a lipophilic cation belonging to the cyanine dye family, has been used in the clinic as a safe and effective anthelminthic for over 70 years. Its structure, similar to some polyaminopyrimidines and mitochondrial-targeting peptoids, has been linked with mitochondrial localization and targeting. Over the past two decades, increasing evidence has emerged showing pyrvinium to be a strong anti-cancer molecule in various human cancers in vitro and in vivo. This efficacy against cancers has been attributed to diverse mechanisms of action, with the weight of evidence supporting the inhibition of mitochondrial function, the WNT pathway, and cancer stem cell renewal. Despite the overwhelming evidence demonstrating the efficacy of pyrvinium for the treatment of human cancers, pyrvinium has not yet been repurposed for the treatment of cancers. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the history of pyrvinium as a therapeutic, the rationale and data supporting its use as an anticancer agent, and the challenges associated with repurposing pyrvinium as an anti-cancer agent. MDPI 2022-12-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9775650/ /pubmed/36552005 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10123249 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Schultz, Christopher W.
Nevler, Avinoam
Pyrvinium Pamoate: Past, Present, and Future as an Anti-Cancer Drug
title Pyrvinium Pamoate: Past, Present, and Future as an Anti-Cancer Drug
title_full Pyrvinium Pamoate: Past, Present, and Future as an Anti-Cancer Drug
title_fullStr Pyrvinium Pamoate: Past, Present, and Future as an Anti-Cancer Drug
title_full_unstemmed Pyrvinium Pamoate: Past, Present, and Future as an Anti-Cancer Drug
title_short Pyrvinium Pamoate: Past, Present, and Future as an Anti-Cancer Drug
title_sort pyrvinium pamoate: past, present, and future as an anti-cancer drug
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9775650/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36552005
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10123249
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