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Relationship between Arterial Calcifications on Mammograms and Cardiovascular Events: A Twenty-Three Year Follow-Up Retrospective Cohort Study

Purpose: Breast arterial calcifications (BAC) have been associated with cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to examine whether the presence of BAC could predict the development of cardiovascular events in the very long term, as evidence has suggested. Patients and Methods: We conducted a 23-year follo...

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Autores principales: Galiano, Natalia González, Eiro, Noemi, Martín, Arancha, Fernández-Guinea, Oscar, Martínez, Covadonga del Blanco, Vizoso, Francisco J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9776346/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36551983
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10123227
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author Galiano, Natalia González
Eiro, Noemi
Martín, Arancha
Fernández-Guinea, Oscar
Martínez, Covadonga del Blanco
Vizoso, Francisco J.
author_facet Galiano, Natalia González
Eiro, Noemi
Martín, Arancha
Fernández-Guinea, Oscar
Martínez, Covadonga del Blanco
Vizoso, Francisco J.
author_sort Galiano, Natalia González
collection PubMed
description Purpose: Breast arterial calcifications (BAC) have been associated with cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to examine whether the presence of BAC could predict the development of cardiovascular events in the very long term, as evidence has suggested. Patients and Methods: We conducted a 23-year follow-up retrospective cohort study considering women specifically studied for breast cancer. After reviewing the mammograms of 1759 women, we selected 128 patients with BAC and an equal number of women without BAC. Results: Women with BAC had higher relative risk (RR) for cardiovascular events, globally 1.66 (95% CI): 1.31–2.10 vs. 0.53 (0.39–0.72), and individually for ischemic heart disease 3.25 (1.53–6.90) vs. 0.85 (0.77–0.94), hypertensive heart disease 2.85 (1.59–5.09) vs. 0.79 (0.69–0.89), valvular heart disease 2.19 (1.28–3.75) vs. 0.83 (0.73–0.94), congestive heart failure 2.06 (1.19–3.56) vs. 0.85 (0.75–0.96), peripheral vascular disease 2.8 (1.42–5.52) vs. 0.85 (0.76–0.94), atrial fibrillation 1.83 (1.09–3.08) vs. 0.86 (0.76–0.98), and lacunar infarction 2.23 (1.21–4.09) vs. 0.86 (0.77–0.96). Cox’s multivariate analysis, also considering classical risk factors, indicated that this BAC was significantly and independently associated with survival (both cardiovascular event-free and specific survival; 1.94 (1.38–2.73) and 6.6 (2.4–18.4)). Conclusions: Our data confirm the strong association of BAC on mammograms and the development cardiovascular events, but also evidence the association of BAC with cardiovascular event-free and specific survival.
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spelling pubmed-97763462022-12-23 Relationship between Arterial Calcifications on Mammograms and Cardiovascular Events: A Twenty-Three Year Follow-Up Retrospective Cohort Study Galiano, Natalia González Eiro, Noemi Martín, Arancha Fernández-Guinea, Oscar Martínez, Covadonga del Blanco Vizoso, Francisco J. Biomedicines Article Purpose: Breast arterial calcifications (BAC) have been associated with cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to examine whether the presence of BAC could predict the development of cardiovascular events in the very long term, as evidence has suggested. Patients and Methods: We conducted a 23-year follow-up retrospective cohort study considering women specifically studied for breast cancer. After reviewing the mammograms of 1759 women, we selected 128 patients with BAC and an equal number of women without BAC. Results: Women with BAC had higher relative risk (RR) for cardiovascular events, globally 1.66 (95% CI): 1.31–2.10 vs. 0.53 (0.39–0.72), and individually for ischemic heart disease 3.25 (1.53–6.90) vs. 0.85 (0.77–0.94), hypertensive heart disease 2.85 (1.59–5.09) vs. 0.79 (0.69–0.89), valvular heart disease 2.19 (1.28–3.75) vs. 0.83 (0.73–0.94), congestive heart failure 2.06 (1.19–3.56) vs. 0.85 (0.75–0.96), peripheral vascular disease 2.8 (1.42–5.52) vs. 0.85 (0.76–0.94), atrial fibrillation 1.83 (1.09–3.08) vs. 0.86 (0.76–0.98), and lacunar infarction 2.23 (1.21–4.09) vs. 0.86 (0.77–0.96). Cox’s multivariate analysis, also considering classical risk factors, indicated that this BAC was significantly and independently associated with survival (both cardiovascular event-free and specific survival; 1.94 (1.38–2.73) and 6.6 (2.4–18.4)). Conclusions: Our data confirm the strong association of BAC on mammograms and the development cardiovascular events, but also evidence the association of BAC with cardiovascular event-free and specific survival. MDPI 2022-12-12 /pmc/articles/PMC9776346/ /pubmed/36551983 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10123227 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Galiano, Natalia González
Eiro, Noemi
Martín, Arancha
Fernández-Guinea, Oscar
Martínez, Covadonga del Blanco
Vizoso, Francisco J.
Relationship between Arterial Calcifications on Mammograms and Cardiovascular Events: A Twenty-Three Year Follow-Up Retrospective Cohort Study
title Relationship between Arterial Calcifications on Mammograms and Cardiovascular Events: A Twenty-Three Year Follow-Up Retrospective Cohort Study
title_full Relationship between Arterial Calcifications on Mammograms and Cardiovascular Events: A Twenty-Three Year Follow-Up Retrospective Cohort Study
title_fullStr Relationship between Arterial Calcifications on Mammograms and Cardiovascular Events: A Twenty-Three Year Follow-Up Retrospective Cohort Study
title_full_unstemmed Relationship between Arterial Calcifications on Mammograms and Cardiovascular Events: A Twenty-Three Year Follow-Up Retrospective Cohort Study
title_short Relationship between Arterial Calcifications on Mammograms and Cardiovascular Events: A Twenty-Three Year Follow-Up Retrospective Cohort Study
title_sort relationship between arterial calcifications on mammograms and cardiovascular events: a twenty-three year follow-up retrospective cohort study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9776346/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36551983
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10123227
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