Thermodynamic Sensitivity of Blood Plasma Components in Patients Afflicted with Skin, Breast and Pancreatic Forms of Cancer

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Based on the World Health Organization’s global survey, conducted over the past five years, cancer is the second leading cause of death. According to its database, breast cancer is the third, melanoma malignum is fifth and pancreatic tumors rank as the twentieth. Undoubtedly, the early diagnosis and monitoring of these tumors and related research is important for both healthcare systems and societies, worldwide. In the present study, we compared the deconvoluted components of these blood plasma differential scanning calorimetry curves in patients with solid tumors. Our measurements showed individual, yet disease-specific, curves obtained from DSC measurements of patients’ blood plasma, which were associated with disease severity, progression, or response to treatment. Further research is necessary to elucidate these results in order to raise the possibility of an early diagnosis of a potential tumor or for testing the efficacy of the therapy from a drop of blood. ABSTRACT: According to the World Health Organization’s 2018 Global Cancer Survey, cancer is the second leading cause of death. From this survey, the third most common is breast cancer, the fifth is melanoma malignum and pancreatic adenocarcinoma ranks twentieth. Undoubtedly, the early diagnosis and monitoring of these tumors and related research is important for aspects of patient care. The aim of our present review was to explain an impressive methodology that is deemed suitable in reference to studying blood sample deviations in the case of solid tumors. Essentially, we compared the heat denaturation responses of blood plasma components through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In the control, between five and seven separable components can be detected, in which the primary component was albumin, while in the case of tumorous patients, the peaks of immunoglobulins were dominant. Moreover, the shape of the plasma DSC curves changed with a shift in the higher temperature ranges; thus, their pattern can be used as a suitable marker of direct immunological responses. The further development of the analysis of DSC curves raises the possibility of the early diagnosis of a potential tumor, the monitoring of diseases, or testing the efficacy of the therapy from a single drop of blood.