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Smoking Cessation after Cancer Diagnosis and Enhanced Therapy Response: Mechanisms and Significance

The adverse effects of smoking on human health have been recognized for several decades, especially in the context of cancer. The ability of tobacco smoke components, including tobacco-specific carcinogens and additive compounds such as nicotine, to initiate or promote tumor growth have been describ...

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Autor principal: Chellappan, Srikumar
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9776692/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36547196
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29120782
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author Chellappan, Srikumar
author_facet Chellappan, Srikumar
author_sort Chellappan, Srikumar
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description The adverse effects of smoking on human health have been recognized for several decades, especially in the context of cancer. The ability of tobacco smoke components, including tobacco-specific carcinogens and additive compounds such as nicotine, to initiate or promote tumor growth have been described in hundreds of studies. These investigations have revealed the tumor-promoting activities of nicotine and other tobacco smoke components and have also recognized the ability of these agents to suppress the efficacy of cancer therapy; it is now clear that smoking can reduce the efficacy of most of the widely used therapeutic modalities, including immunotherapy, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Several studies examined if continued smoking after cancer diagnosis affected therapy response; it was found that while never smokers or non-smokers had the best response to therapy, those who quit smoking at the time of diagnosis had higher overall survival and reduced side-effects than those who continued to smoke. These studies also revealed the multiple mechanisms via which smoking enhances the growth and survival of tumors while suppressing therapy-induced cell death. In conclusion, smoking cessation during the course of cancer therapy markedly increases the chances of survival and the quality of life.
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spelling pubmed-97766922022-12-23 Smoking Cessation after Cancer Diagnosis and Enhanced Therapy Response: Mechanisms and Significance Chellappan, Srikumar Curr Oncol Review The adverse effects of smoking on human health have been recognized for several decades, especially in the context of cancer. The ability of tobacco smoke components, including tobacco-specific carcinogens and additive compounds such as nicotine, to initiate or promote tumor growth have been described in hundreds of studies. These investigations have revealed the tumor-promoting activities of nicotine and other tobacco smoke components and have also recognized the ability of these agents to suppress the efficacy of cancer therapy; it is now clear that smoking can reduce the efficacy of most of the widely used therapeutic modalities, including immunotherapy, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Several studies examined if continued smoking after cancer diagnosis affected therapy response; it was found that while never smokers or non-smokers had the best response to therapy, those who quit smoking at the time of diagnosis had higher overall survival and reduced side-effects than those who continued to smoke. These studies also revealed the multiple mechanisms via which smoking enhances the growth and survival of tumors while suppressing therapy-induced cell death. In conclusion, smoking cessation during the course of cancer therapy markedly increases the chances of survival and the quality of life. MDPI 2022-12-17 /pmc/articles/PMC9776692/ /pubmed/36547196 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29120782 Text en © 2022 by the author. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Chellappan, Srikumar
Smoking Cessation after Cancer Diagnosis and Enhanced Therapy Response: Mechanisms and Significance
title Smoking Cessation after Cancer Diagnosis and Enhanced Therapy Response: Mechanisms and Significance
title_full Smoking Cessation after Cancer Diagnosis and Enhanced Therapy Response: Mechanisms and Significance
title_fullStr Smoking Cessation after Cancer Diagnosis and Enhanced Therapy Response: Mechanisms and Significance
title_full_unstemmed Smoking Cessation after Cancer Diagnosis and Enhanced Therapy Response: Mechanisms and Significance
title_short Smoking Cessation after Cancer Diagnosis and Enhanced Therapy Response: Mechanisms and Significance
title_sort smoking cessation after cancer diagnosis and enhanced therapy response: mechanisms and significance
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9776692/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36547196
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29120782
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