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Smoking Cessation after Cancer Diagnosis and Enhanced Therapy Response: Mechanisms and Significance
The adverse effects of smoking on human health have been recognized for several decades, especially in the context of cancer. The ability of tobacco smoke components, including tobacco-specific carcinogens and additive compounds such as nicotine, to initiate or promote tumor growth have been describ...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9776692/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36547196 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29120782 |
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author | Chellappan, Srikumar |
author_facet | Chellappan, Srikumar |
author_sort | Chellappan, Srikumar |
collection | PubMed |
description | The adverse effects of smoking on human health have been recognized for several decades, especially in the context of cancer. The ability of tobacco smoke components, including tobacco-specific carcinogens and additive compounds such as nicotine, to initiate or promote tumor growth have been described in hundreds of studies. These investigations have revealed the tumor-promoting activities of nicotine and other tobacco smoke components and have also recognized the ability of these agents to suppress the efficacy of cancer therapy; it is now clear that smoking can reduce the efficacy of most of the widely used therapeutic modalities, including immunotherapy, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Several studies examined if continued smoking after cancer diagnosis affected therapy response; it was found that while never smokers or non-smokers had the best response to therapy, those who quit smoking at the time of diagnosis had higher overall survival and reduced side-effects than those who continued to smoke. These studies also revealed the multiple mechanisms via which smoking enhances the growth and survival of tumors while suppressing therapy-induced cell death. In conclusion, smoking cessation during the course of cancer therapy markedly increases the chances of survival and the quality of life. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9776692 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97766922022-12-23 Smoking Cessation after Cancer Diagnosis and Enhanced Therapy Response: Mechanisms and Significance Chellappan, Srikumar Curr Oncol Review The adverse effects of smoking on human health have been recognized for several decades, especially in the context of cancer. The ability of tobacco smoke components, including tobacco-specific carcinogens and additive compounds such as nicotine, to initiate or promote tumor growth have been described in hundreds of studies. These investigations have revealed the tumor-promoting activities of nicotine and other tobacco smoke components and have also recognized the ability of these agents to suppress the efficacy of cancer therapy; it is now clear that smoking can reduce the efficacy of most of the widely used therapeutic modalities, including immunotherapy, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Several studies examined if continued smoking after cancer diagnosis affected therapy response; it was found that while never smokers or non-smokers had the best response to therapy, those who quit smoking at the time of diagnosis had higher overall survival and reduced side-effects than those who continued to smoke. These studies also revealed the multiple mechanisms via which smoking enhances the growth and survival of tumors while suppressing therapy-induced cell death. In conclusion, smoking cessation during the course of cancer therapy markedly increases the chances of survival and the quality of life. MDPI 2022-12-17 /pmc/articles/PMC9776692/ /pubmed/36547196 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29120782 Text en © 2022 by the author. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Chellappan, Srikumar Smoking Cessation after Cancer Diagnosis and Enhanced Therapy Response: Mechanisms and Significance |
title | Smoking Cessation after Cancer Diagnosis and Enhanced Therapy Response: Mechanisms and Significance |
title_full | Smoking Cessation after Cancer Diagnosis and Enhanced Therapy Response: Mechanisms and Significance |
title_fullStr | Smoking Cessation after Cancer Diagnosis and Enhanced Therapy Response: Mechanisms and Significance |
title_full_unstemmed | Smoking Cessation after Cancer Diagnosis and Enhanced Therapy Response: Mechanisms and Significance |
title_short | Smoking Cessation after Cancer Diagnosis and Enhanced Therapy Response: Mechanisms and Significance |
title_sort | smoking cessation after cancer diagnosis and enhanced therapy response: mechanisms and significance |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9776692/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36547196 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29120782 |
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