Cargando…

Trajectories of Cognitive Impairment in Adults Bearing Vascular Risk Factors, with or without Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment: Findings from a Longitudinal Study Assessing Executive Functions, Memory, and Social Cognition

With the aging of the population, a key concern of both societies and health services is to keep the population cognitively healthy until the maximum age limit. It is a well-known fact that vascular aging has a negative effect on the cognitive skills of adults, putting them at greater risk of develo...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Tsentidou, Glykeria, Moraitou, Despina, Tsolaki, Magdalini, Masoura, Elvira, Papaliagkas, Vasileios
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9777412/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36553024
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12123017
_version_ 1784856097225441280
author Tsentidou, Glykeria
Moraitou, Despina
Tsolaki, Magdalini
Masoura, Elvira
Papaliagkas, Vasileios
author_facet Tsentidou, Glykeria
Moraitou, Despina
Tsolaki, Magdalini
Masoura, Elvira
Papaliagkas, Vasileios
author_sort Tsentidou, Glykeria
collection PubMed
description With the aging of the population, a key concern of both societies and health services is to keep the population cognitively healthy until the maximum age limit. It is a well-known fact that vascular aging has a negative effect on the cognitive skills of adults, putting them at greater risk of developing dementia. The present longitudinal study aimed to evaluate the main dimensions of cognition in two pathological groups with different health profiles: a group of adults with vascular risk factors (VRF) (n = 35) and a group of adults with vascular risk factors and mild cognitive impairment (VRF + MCI) (n = 35). The two groups were matched in age, education, and gender. They were assessed with extensive neuropsychological testing at three different times with a distance of about 8 months between them; the assessment regarded executive functions, memory capacity, and Theory of Mind abilities. The analyses carried out were (a) mixed-measures ANOVA, (b) repeated measures ANOVA, and (c) ANOVA. The findings showed that global cognitive status and short-term memory are the main cognitive abilities that decline in community dwelling people bearing VRF. Hence, this group of adults should be examined at least every 2 years for this decline. As regards people with both VRF and MCI, it seems that the assessment of Theory of Mind abilities can better capture their further impairment. Global cognitive status, task/rule switching function, and long-term memory (delayed verbal recall) were revealed as the abilities that clearly and steadily differentiate VRF people with and without MCI.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9777412
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-97774122022-12-23 Trajectories of Cognitive Impairment in Adults Bearing Vascular Risk Factors, with or without Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment: Findings from a Longitudinal Study Assessing Executive Functions, Memory, and Social Cognition Tsentidou, Glykeria Moraitou, Despina Tsolaki, Magdalini Masoura, Elvira Papaliagkas, Vasileios Diagnostics (Basel) Article With the aging of the population, a key concern of both societies and health services is to keep the population cognitively healthy until the maximum age limit. It is a well-known fact that vascular aging has a negative effect on the cognitive skills of adults, putting them at greater risk of developing dementia. The present longitudinal study aimed to evaluate the main dimensions of cognition in two pathological groups with different health profiles: a group of adults with vascular risk factors (VRF) (n = 35) and a group of adults with vascular risk factors and mild cognitive impairment (VRF + MCI) (n = 35). The two groups were matched in age, education, and gender. They were assessed with extensive neuropsychological testing at three different times with a distance of about 8 months between them; the assessment regarded executive functions, memory capacity, and Theory of Mind abilities. The analyses carried out were (a) mixed-measures ANOVA, (b) repeated measures ANOVA, and (c) ANOVA. The findings showed that global cognitive status and short-term memory are the main cognitive abilities that decline in community dwelling people bearing VRF. Hence, this group of adults should be examined at least every 2 years for this decline. As regards people with both VRF and MCI, it seems that the assessment of Theory of Mind abilities can better capture their further impairment. Global cognitive status, task/rule switching function, and long-term memory (delayed verbal recall) were revealed as the abilities that clearly and steadily differentiate VRF people with and without MCI. MDPI 2022-12-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9777412/ /pubmed/36553024 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12123017 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Tsentidou, Glykeria
Moraitou, Despina
Tsolaki, Magdalini
Masoura, Elvira
Papaliagkas, Vasileios
Trajectories of Cognitive Impairment in Adults Bearing Vascular Risk Factors, with or without Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment: Findings from a Longitudinal Study Assessing Executive Functions, Memory, and Social Cognition
title Trajectories of Cognitive Impairment in Adults Bearing Vascular Risk Factors, with or without Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment: Findings from a Longitudinal Study Assessing Executive Functions, Memory, and Social Cognition
title_full Trajectories of Cognitive Impairment in Adults Bearing Vascular Risk Factors, with or without Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment: Findings from a Longitudinal Study Assessing Executive Functions, Memory, and Social Cognition
title_fullStr Trajectories of Cognitive Impairment in Adults Bearing Vascular Risk Factors, with or without Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment: Findings from a Longitudinal Study Assessing Executive Functions, Memory, and Social Cognition
title_full_unstemmed Trajectories of Cognitive Impairment in Adults Bearing Vascular Risk Factors, with or without Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment: Findings from a Longitudinal Study Assessing Executive Functions, Memory, and Social Cognition
title_short Trajectories of Cognitive Impairment in Adults Bearing Vascular Risk Factors, with or without Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment: Findings from a Longitudinal Study Assessing Executive Functions, Memory, and Social Cognition
title_sort trajectories of cognitive impairment in adults bearing vascular risk factors, with or without diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment: findings from a longitudinal study assessing executive functions, memory, and social cognition
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9777412/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36553024
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12123017
work_keys_str_mv AT tsentidouglykeria trajectoriesofcognitiveimpairmentinadultsbearingvascularriskfactorswithorwithoutdiagnosisofmildcognitiveimpairmentfindingsfromalongitudinalstudyassessingexecutivefunctionsmemoryandsocialcognition
AT moraitoudespina trajectoriesofcognitiveimpairmentinadultsbearingvascularriskfactorswithorwithoutdiagnosisofmildcognitiveimpairmentfindingsfromalongitudinalstudyassessingexecutivefunctionsmemoryandsocialcognition
AT tsolakimagdalini trajectoriesofcognitiveimpairmentinadultsbearingvascularriskfactorswithorwithoutdiagnosisofmildcognitiveimpairmentfindingsfromalongitudinalstudyassessingexecutivefunctionsmemoryandsocialcognition
AT masouraelvira trajectoriesofcognitiveimpairmentinadultsbearingvascularriskfactorswithorwithoutdiagnosisofmildcognitiveimpairmentfindingsfromalongitudinalstudyassessingexecutivefunctionsmemoryandsocialcognition
AT papaliagkasvasileios trajectoriesofcognitiveimpairmentinadultsbearingvascularriskfactorswithorwithoutdiagnosisofmildcognitiveimpairmentfindingsfromalongitudinalstudyassessingexecutivefunctionsmemoryandsocialcognition