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Prevalence of Upper Limb Musculoskeletal Disorders and Their Association with Smartphone Addiction and Smartphone Usage among University Students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 Pandemic—A Cross-Sectional Study
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and their association with smartphone addiction and smartphone usage among university students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 313 university students aged 18 years a...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9777717/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36553897 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10122373 |
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author | Sirajudeen, Mohamed Sherif Alzhrani, Msaad Alanazi, Ahmad Alqahtani, Mazen Waly, Mohamed Manzar, Md. Dilshad Hegazy, Fatma A. Mohd Jamali, Muhammad Noh Zulfikri Reddy, Ravi Shankar Kakaraparthi, Venkata Nagaraj Unnikrishnan, Radhakrishnan Muthusamy, Hariraja Alrubaia, Wafa Alanazi, Nidaa Kashoo, Faizan Zaffar Miraj, Mohammad |
author_facet | Sirajudeen, Mohamed Sherif Alzhrani, Msaad Alanazi, Ahmad Alqahtani, Mazen Waly, Mohamed Manzar, Md. Dilshad Hegazy, Fatma A. Mohd Jamali, Muhammad Noh Zulfikri Reddy, Ravi Shankar Kakaraparthi, Venkata Nagaraj Unnikrishnan, Radhakrishnan Muthusamy, Hariraja Alrubaia, Wafa Alanazi, Nidaa Kashoo, Faizan Zaffar Miraj, Mohammad |
author_sort | Sirajudeen, Mohamed Sherif |
collection | PubMed |
description | This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and their association with smartphone addiction and smartphone usage among university students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 313 university students aged 18 years and older who owned a smartphone and used it during the preceding 12 months participated in this cross-sectional study. The prevalence of upper limb MSDs, smartphone addiction/overuse, and levels of physical activity were recorded using the standardized Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire, the smartphone addiction scale (short version), and the international physical activity questionnaire (short form), respectively. Data collection was performed on campus between March and May 2021. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the association between the prevalence of upper limb MSDs and smartphone addiction/overuse and levels of physical activity. The 12-month prevalence of MSDs of the shoulder, elbow, and wrist/hand regions due to smartphone use among participants was found to be 20.13%, 5.11%, and 13.42%, respectively. Shoulder (odds ratio (OR) = 11.39, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.64–27.94, p < 0.001), elbow (OR = 15.38, 95% CI = 1.92–123.26, p = 0.01), and wrist/hand MSDs (OR = 7.65, 95% CI = 2.75–21.22, p < 0.001) were more prevalent among participants who were categorized as having smartphone addiction/overuse measures. Promoting awareness about the healthy use of smartphones, including postural education and decreasing screen time, is necessary to reduce smartphone-related MSDs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9777717 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97777172022-12-23 Prevalence of Upper Limb Musculoskeletal Disorders and Their Association with Smartphone Addiction and Smartphone Usage among University Students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 Pandemic—A Cross-Sectional Study Sirajudeen, Mohamed Sherif Alzhrani, Msaad Alanazi, Ahmad Alqahtani, Mazen Waly, Mohamed Manzar, Md. Dilshad Hegazy, Fatma A. Mohd Jamali, Muhammad Noh Zulfikri Reddy, Ravi Shankar Kakaraparthi, Venkata Nagaraj Unnikrishnan, Radhakrishnan Muthusamy, Hariraja Alrubaia, Wafa Alanazi, Nidaa Kashoo, Faizan Zaffar Miraj, Mohammad Healthcare (Basel) Article This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and their association with smartphone addiction and smartphone usage among university students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 313 university students aged 18 years and older who owned a smartphone and used it during the preceding 12 months participated in this cross-sectional study. The prevalence of upper limb MSDs, smartphone addiction/overuse, and levels of physical activity were recorded using the standardized Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire, the smartphone addiction scale (short version), and the international physical activity questionnaire (short form), respectively. Data collection was performed on campus between March and May 2021. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the association between the prevalence of upper limb MSDs and smartphone addiction/overuse and levels of physical activity. The 12-month prevalence of MSDs of the shoulder, elbow, and wrist/hand regions due to smartphone use among participants was found to be 20.13%, 5.11%, and 13.42%, respectively. Shoulder (odds ratio (OR) = 11.39, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.64–27.94, p < 0.001), elbow (OR = 15.38, 95% CI = 1.92–123.26, p = 0.01), and wrist/hand MSDs (OR = 7.65, 95% CI = 2.75–21.22, p < 0.001) were more prevalent among participants who were categorized as having smartphone addiction/overuse measures. Promoting awareness about the healthy use of smartphones, including postural education and decreasing screen time, is necessary to reduce smartphone-related MSDs. MDPI 2022-11-25 /pmc/articles/PMC9777717/ /pubmed/36553897 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10122373 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Sirajudeen, Mohamed Sherif Alzhrani, Msaad Alanazi, Ahmad Alqahtani, Mazen Waly, Mohamed Manzar, Md. Dilshad Hegazy, Fatma A. Mohd Jamali, Muhammad Noh Zulfikri Reddy, Ravi Shankar Kakaraparthi, Venkata Nagaraj Unnikrishnan, Radhakrishnan Muthusamy, Hariraja Alrubaia, Wafa Alanazi, Nidaa Kashoo, Faizan Zaffar Miraj, Mohammad Prevalence of Upper Limb Musculoskeletal Disorders and Their Association with Smartphone Addiction and Smartphone Usage among University Students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 Pandemic—A Cross-Sectional Study |
title | Prevalence of Upper Limb Musculoskeletal Disorders and Their Association with Smartphone Addiction and Smartphone Usage among University Students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 Pandemic—A Cross-Sectional Study |
title_full | Prevalence of Upper Limb Musculoskeletal Disorders and Their Association with Smartphone Addiction and Smartphone Usage among University Students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 Pandemic—A Cross-Sectional Study |
title_fullStr | Prevalence of Upper Limb Musculoskeletal Disorders and Their Association with Smartphone Addiction and Smartphone Usage among University Students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 Pandemic—A Cross-Sectional Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of Upper Limb Musculoskeletal Disorders and Their Association with Smartphone Addiction and Smartphone Usage among University Students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 Pandemic—A Cross-Sectional Study |
title_short | Prevalence of Upper Limb Musculoskeletal Disorders and Their Association with Smartphone Addiction and Smartphone Usage among University Students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 Pandemic—A Cross-Sectional Study |
title_sort | prevalence of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders and their association with smartphone addiction and smartphone usage among university students in the kingdom of saudi arabia during the covid-19 pandemic—a cross-sectional study |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9777717/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36553897 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10122373 |
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