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Ancient Wheat Varieties and Sourdough Fermentation as a Tool to Increase Bioaccessibility of Phenolics and Antioxidant Capacity of Bread

This study aimed to determine the impact of ancient wheat varieties (emmer, spelt and khorasan) and spontaneous sourdough fermentation on the bioaccessibility of total phenolic content (TPC) and the DPPH antioxidant capacity evolution during breadmaking and in vitro digestion. Sourdough and yeast-fe...

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Autores principales: Dapčević-Hadnađev, Tamara, Stupar, Alena, Stevanović, Dušan, Škrobot, Dubravka, Maravić, Nikola, Tomić, Jelena, Hadnađev, Miroslav
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9777778/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36553727
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11243985
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author Dapčević-Hadnađev, Tamara
Stupar, Alena
Stevanović, Dušan
Škrobot, Dubravka
Maravić, Nikola
Tomić, Jelena
Hadnađev, Miroslav
author_facet Dapčević-Hadnađev, Tamara
Stupar, Alena
Stevanović, Dušan
Škrobot, Dubravka
Maravić, Nikola
Tomić, Jelena
Hadnađev, Miroslav
author_sort Dapčević-Hadnađev, Tamara
collection PubMed
description This study aimed to determine the impact of ancient wheat varieties (emmer, spelt and khorasan) and spontaneous sourdough fermentation on the bioaccessibility of total phenolic content (TPC) and the DPPH antioxidant capacity evolution during breadmaking and in vitro digestion. Sourdough and yeast-fermented modern wheat breads were used as controls. After 6 h of fermentation, the total titrable acidity of the sourdough increased from 139 to 167%. The wheat variety, type of fermentation and processing affected TPC, antioxidant activity and bioaccessibility. Antioxidant activity and TPC were reduced by dough mixing, increased after sourdough fermentation and slightly decreased or remained the same after baking. Although wheat flour had the highest TPC, the modeling of TPC kinetic revealed that emmer and spelt sourdough exhibited a higher bound phenolics release rate due to the higher acidity, which contributed to increased phenolics solubility. Although wheat bread, both before and after digestion, had the lowest TPC, especially the one prepared with yeast, high TPC bioaccessibilities and antioxidant activities after the digestion suggested that, except phenolics, digestion process improved the release of additional compounds with different bioaccessibility and biological activity. The results of this study proved that the application of sourdough fermentation can increase the potential of ancient wheats in the developing of functional bakery products.
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spelling pubmed-97777782022-12-23 Ancient Wheat Varieties and Sourdough Fermentation as a Tool to Increase Bioaccessibility of Phenolics and Antioxidant Capacity of Bread Dapčević-Hadnađev, Tamara Stupar, Alena Stevanović, Dušan Škrobot, Dubravka Maravić, Nikola Tomić, Jelena Hadnađev, Miroslav Foods Article This study aimed to determine the impact of ancient wheat varieties (emmer, spelt and khorasan) and spontaneous sourdough fermentation on the bioaccessibility of total phenolic content (TPC) and the DPPH antioxidant capacity evolution during breadmaking and in vitro digestion. Sourdough and yeast-fermented modern wheat breads were used as controls. After 6 h of fermentation, the total titrable acidity of the sourdough increased from 139 to 167%. The wheat variety, type of fermentation and processing affected TPC, antioxidant activity and bioaccessibility. Antioxidant activity and TPC were reduced by dough mixing, increased after sourdough fermentation and slightly decreased or remained the same after baking. Although wheat flour had the highest TPC, the modeling of TPC kinetic revealed that emmer and spelt sourdough exhibited a higher bound phenolics release rate due to the higher acidity, which contributed to increased phenolics solubility. Although wheat bread, both before and after digestion, had the lowest TPC, especially the one prepared with yeast, high TPC bioaccessibilities and antioxidant activities after the digestion suggested that, except phenolics, digestion process improved the release of additional compounds with different bioaccessibility and biological activity. The results of this study proved that the application of sourdough fermentation can increase the potential of ancient wheats in the developing of functional bakery products. MDPI 2022-12-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9777778/ /pubmed/36553727 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11243985 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Dapčević-Hadnađev, Tamara
Stupar, Alena
Stevanović, Dušan
Škrobot, Dubravka
Maravić, Nikola
Tomić, Jelena
Hadnađev, Miroslav
Ancient Wheat Varieties and Sourdough Fermentation as a Tool to Increase Bioaccessibility of Phenolics and Antioxidant Capacity of Bread
title Ancient Wheat Varieties and Sourdough Fermentation as a Tool to Increase Bioaccessibility of Phenolics and Antioxidant Capacity of Bread
title_full Ancient Wheat Varieties and Sourdough Fermentation as a Tool to Increase Bioaccessibility of Phenolics and Antioxidant Capacity of Bread
title_fullStr Ancient Wheat Varieties and Sourdough Fermentation as a Tool to Increase Bioaccessibility of Phenolics and Antioxidant Capacity of Bread
title_full_unstemmed Ancient Wheat Varieties and Sourdough Fermentation as a Tool to Increase Bioaccessibility of Phenolics and Antioxidant Capacity of Bread
title_short Ancient Wheat Varieties and Sourdough Fermentation as a Tool to Increase Bioaccessibility of Phenolics and Antioxidant Capacity of Bread
title_sort ancient wheat varieties and sourdough fermentation as a tool to increase bioaccessibility of phenolics and antioxidant capacity of bread
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9777778/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36553727
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11243985
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