Cargando…

Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of HIV Infection among Detainees: A Review of the Literature

Detainees are one of the most vulnerable populations to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This is mostly caused by the lack of knowledge on the topic among the inmates; the lack of prophylaxis; the high percentage of risky behaviors in jail, such as sexual abuse, unprotected sexual intercourses, a...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Russotto, Ylenia, Micali, Cristina, Laganà, Natascia, Marino, Andrea, Campanella, Edoardo, Celesia, Benedetto Maurizio, Pellicanò, Giovanni Francesco, Venanzi Rullo, Emmanuele, Nunnari, Giuseppe
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9777892/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36553904
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10122380
_version_ 1784856219390836736
author Russotto, Ylenia
Micali, Cristina
Laganà, Natascia
Marino, Andrea
Campanella, Edoardo
Celesia, Benedetto Maurizio
Pellicanò, Giovanni Francesco
Venanzi Rullo, Emmanuele
Nunnari, Giuseppe
author_facet Russotto, Ylenia
Micali, Cristina
Laganà, Natascia
Marino, Andrea
Campanella, Edoardo
Celesia, Benedetto Maurizio
Pellicanò, Giovanni Francesco
Venanzi Rullo, Emmanuele
Nunnari, Giuseppe
author_sort Russotto, Ylenia
collection PubMed
description Detainees are one of the most vulnerable populations to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This is mostly caused by the lack of knowledge on the topic among the inmates; the lack of prophylaxis; the high percentage of risky behaviors in jail, such as sexual abuse, unprotected sexual intercourses, and injective drug use; and the generally low perception of the risk of transmission. It has also been observed that the problem does not cease to exist at the moment of release, but it also may be aggravated by the weak support system or the total absence of programs for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) to avoid discontinuation of antiretroviral drugs. Difficulty in providing housing and jobs and, therefore, a form of stability for ex-detainees, also contributes to none adherence to antiretroviral therapy. Among the detainees, there are also categories of people more susceptible to discrimination and violence and, therefore, to risky behaviors, such as black people, Hispanics, transgender people, and men who have sex with men (MSM). We reviewed the literature in order to provide a more complete picture on the situation of PLWHA in jail and to also analyze the difficulties of ex-detainees in adhering to HIV therapy.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9777892
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-97778922022-12-23 Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of HIV Infection among Detainees: A Review of the Literature Russotto, Ylenia Micali, Cristina Laganà, Natascia Marino, Andrea Campanella, Edoardo Celesia, Benedetto Maurizio Pellicanò, Giovanni Francesco Venanzi Rullo, Emmanuele Nunnari, Giuseppe Healthcare (Basel) Review Detainees are one of the most vulnerable populations to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This is mostly caused by the lack of knowledge on the topic among the inmates; the lack of prophylaxis; the high percentage of risky behaviors in jail, such as sexual abuse, unprotected sexual intercourses, and injective drug use; and the generally low perception of the risk of transmission. It has also been observed that the problem does not cease to exist at the moment of release, but it also may be aggravated by the weak support system or the total absence of programs for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) to avoid discontinuation of antiretroviral drugs. Difficulty in providing housing and jobs and, therefore, a form of stability for ex-detainees, also contributes to none adherence to antiretroviral therapy. Among the detainees, there are also categories of people more susceptible to discrimination and violence and, therefore, to risky behaviors, such as black people, Hispanics, transgender people, and men who have sex with men (MSM). We reviewed the literature in order to provide a more complete picture on the situation of PLWHA in jail and to also analyze the difficulties of ex-detainees in adhering to HIV therapy. MDPI 2022-11-27 /pmc/articles/PMC9777892/ /pubmed/36553904 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10122380 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Russotto, Ylenia
Micali, Cristina
Laganà, Natascia
Marino, Andrea
Campanella, Edoardo
Celesia, Benedetto Maurizio
Pellicanò, Giovanni Francesco
Venanzi Rullo, Emmanuele
Nunnari, Giuseppe
Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of HIV Infection among Detainees: A Review of the Literature
title Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of HIV Infection among Detainees: A Review of the Literature
title_full Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of HIV Infection among Detainees: A Review of the Literature
title_fullStr Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of HIV Infection among Detainees: A Review of the Literature
title_full_unstemmed Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of HIV Infection among Detainees: A Review of the Literature
title_short Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of HIV Infection among Detainees: A Review of the Literature
title_sort diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of hiv infection among detainees: a review of the literature
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9777892/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36553904
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10122380
work_keys_str_mv AT russottoylenia diagnosistreatmentandpreventionofhivinfectionamongdetaineesareviewoftheliterature
AT micalicristina diagnosistreatmentandpreventionofhivinfectionamongdetaineesareviewoftheliterature
AT lagananatascia diagnosistreatmentandpreventionofhivinfectionamongdetaineesareviewoftheliterature
AT marinoandrea diagnosistreatmentandpreventionofhivinfectionamongdetaineesareviewoftheliterature
AT campanellaedoardo diagnosistreatmentandpreventionofhivinfectionamongdetaineesareviewoftheliterature
AT celesiabenedettomaurizio diagnosistreatmentandpreventionofhivinfectionamongdetaineesareviewoftheliterature
AT pellicanogiovannifrancesco diagnosistreatmentandpreventionofhivinfectionamongdetaineesareviewoftheliterature
AT venanzirulloemmanuele diagnosistreatmentandpreventionofhivinfectionamongdetaineesareviewoftheliterature
AT nunnarigiuseppe diagnosistreatmentandpreventionofhivinfectionamongdetaineesareviewoftheliterature