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How Do Shifts in Patients with Mental Health Problems’ Formal and Informal Care Utilization Affect Informal Caregivers?: A COVID-19 Case Study

(1) Background: This study investigated how potential shifts in patients’ formal and informal care utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic impacted their informal caregivers in terms of their subjective burden, psychological wellbeing, and happiness. (2) Methods: A retrospective cohort study design...

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Autores principales: Bremmers, Leonarda G. M., Hakkaart-van Roijen, Leona, Gräler, Eleonora S., Uyl-de Groot, Carin A., Fabbricotti, Isabelle N.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9778175/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36554308
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416425
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author Bremmers, Leonarda G. M.
Hakkaart-van Roijen, Leona
Gräler, Eleonora S.
Uyl-de Groot, Carin A.
Fabbricotti, Isabelle N.
author_facet Bremmers, Leonarda G. M.
Hakkaart-van Roijen, Leona
Gräler, Eleonora S.
Uyl-de Groot, Carin A.
Fabbricotti, Isabelle N.
author_sort Bremmers, Leonarda G. M.
collection PubMed
description (1) Background: This study investigated how potential shifts in patients’ formal and informal care utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic impacted their informal caregivers in terms of their subjective burden, psychological wellbeing, and happiness. (2) Methods: A retrospective cohort study design was employed for a panel of Dutch informal caregivers of persons with mental health problems (n = 219) in June 2020. Descriptive statistics and differences between means were determined for the patients’ informal and care utilization and informal caregivers’ subjective burden, happiness, and psychological wellbeing. Three mediation analyses were conducted using the PROCESS macro. (3) Results: Informal caregivers reported significantly worse happiness and subjective burden scores during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with before the lockdown. There were minimal shifts in patient’s care utilization reported, with the exception of a decrease in significant emotional and practical support provided by the informal caregiver. In the mediation analyses, there was not a significant indirect effect of shifts in patients’ formal care utilization on informal caregivers’ subjective burden, psychological wellbeing, and happiness through shifts in patients’ informal care utilization. (4) Discussion and conclusion: Whilst we found that shifts in patients’ care utilization during the first wave of the pandemic did not affect the informal caregiver in the short term, it is unclear what the long-term impact of the pandemic might be on informal caregivers. More research should be conducted to understand the implications of short- and long-term impact of substitution on informal caregivers of persons with mental health problems, with special consideration of the COVID-19 context and uptake of e-health technology.
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spelling pubmed-97781752022-12-23 How Do Shifts in Patients with Mental Health Problems’ Formal and Informal Care Utilization Affect Informal Caregivers?: A COVID-19 Case Study Bremmers, Leonarda G. M. Hakkaart-van Roijen, Leona Gräler, Eleonora S. Uyl-de Groot, Carin A. Fabbricotti, Isabelle N. Int J Environ Res Public Health Article (1) Background: This study investigated how potential shifts in patients’ formal and informal care utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic impacted their informal caregivers in terms of their subjective burden, psychological wellbeing, and happiness. (2) Methods: A retrospective cohort study design was employed for a panel of Dutch informal caregivers of persons with mental health problems (n = 219) in June 2020. Descriptive statistics and differences between means were determined for the patients’ informal and care utilization and informal caregivers’ subjective burden, happiness, and psychological wellbeing. Three mediation analyses were conducted using the PROCESS macro. (3) Results: Informal caregivers reported significantly worse happiness and subjective burden scores during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with before the lockdown. There were minimal shifts in patient’s care utilization reported, with the exception of a decrease in significant emotional and practical support provided by the informal caregiver. In the mediation analyses, there was not a significant indirect effect of shifts in patients’ formal care utilization on informal caregivers’ subjective burden, psychological wellbeing, and happiness through shifts in patients’ informal care utilization. (4) Discussion and conclusion: Whilst we found that shifts in patients’ care utilization during the first wave of the pandemic did not affect the informal caregiver in the short term, it is unclear what the long-term impact of the pandemic might be on informal caregivers. More research should be conducted to understand the implications of short- and long-term impact of substitution on informal caregivers of persons with mental health problems, with special consideration of the COVID-19 context and uptake of e-health technology. MDPI 2022-12-07 /pmc/articles/PMC9778175/ /pubmed/36554308 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416425 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Bremmers, Leonarda G. M.
Hakkaart-van Roijen, Leona
Gräler, Eleonora S.
Uyl-de Groot, Carin A.
Fabbricotti, Isabelle N.
How Do Shifts in Patients with Mental Health Problems’ Formal and Informal Care Utilization Affect Informal Caregivers?: A COVID-19 Case Study
title How Do Shifts in Patients with Mental Health Problems’ Formal and Informal Care Utilization Affect Informal Caregivers?: A COVID-19 Case Study
title_full How Do Shifts in Patients with Mental Health Problems’ Formal and Informal Care Utilization Affect Informal Caregivers?: A COVID-19 Case Study
title_fullStr How Do Shifts in Patients with Mental Health Problems’ Formal and Informal Care Utilization Affect Informal Caregivers?: A COVID-19 Case Study
title_full_unstemmed How Do Shifts in Patients with Mental Health Problems’ Formal and Informal Care Utilization Affect Informal Caregivers?: A COVID-19 Case Study
title_short How Do Shifts in Patients with Mental Health Problems’ Formal and Informal Care Utilization Affect Informal Caregivers?: A COVID-19 Case Study
title_sort how do shifts in patients with mental health problems’ formal and informal care utilization affect informal caregivers?: a covid-19 case study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9778175/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36554308
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416425
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