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Response of Macrophyte Diversity in Coastal Lakes to Watershed Land Use and Salinity Gradient
Coastal lakes are subject to multiple stressors, among which land use, hydrological connectivity, and salinity have the greatest effect on their biodiversity. We studied the effects that various land cover types (CORINE) of coastal lake watersheds had on macrophyte diversity in ten coastal lakes alo...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9779085/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36554500 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416620 |
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author | Grzybowski, Mirosław Burandt, Paweł Glińska-Lewczuk, Katarzyna Lew, Sylwia Obolewski, Krystian |
author_facet | Grzybowski, Mirosław Burandt, Paweł Glińska-Lewczuk, Katarzyna Lew, Sylwia Obolewski, Krystian |
author_sort | Grzybowski, Mirosław |
collection | PubMed |
description | Coastal lakes are subject to multiple stressors, among which land use, hydrological connectivity, and salinity have the greatest effect on their biodiversity. We studied the effects that various land cover types (CORINE) of coastal lake watersheds had on macrophyte diversity in ten coastal lakes along the southern Baltic coast as characterised by twelve phytocenotic indices: these being a number of communities, Shannon–Wiener diversity, evenness, and indices of taxonomic distinctiveness of plant communities: vegetation coverage; colonisation index; share of the phytolittoral area in the total lake area, as well as shares of nympheides, pondweeds, charophytes, marine, emerged and submerged communities in the total lake area. The effects were checked for three groups of lakes distinguished by differences in salinity–freshwater (F, 5), transitional (T, 4), and brackish (B, 1)—in which a total of 48 macrophyte communities were identified. The most abundant in aquatic phytocoenoses were lakes of T type. A partial least squares regression model (PLS-R) showed a stronger impact of land-use types in immediate vicinities and entire watersheds than the impact of physico-chemical properties of water on phytocenotic indices in the lakes. Macrophyte diversity was relatively low in urban and agricultural catchments and relatively high in forest and wetland areas. Agriculture had a negative impact on the number of macrophyte communities in F lakes and, in T lakes, on the number of macrophyte communities, biodiversity, evenness, and proportion of emerged, submerged, and marine communities. Urban areas contributed to lower values of evenness, vegetation coverage, and share of marine communities in F, but, in T, to lower the number of macrophyte communities, evenness, and proportion of submerged and marine communities. Our results confirm the significant impact of land use on macrophyte diversity in coastal aquatic ecosystems. Combined analysis of anthropogenic and natural descriptors is a prerequisite for analysing human threats to biodiversity in coastal lakes. Macrophyte community-based measures of biodiversity are sensitive indicators of anthropogenic impact on the ecological condition of coastal ecosystems. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9779085 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97790852022-12-23 Response of Macrophyte Diversity in Coastal Lakes to Watershed Land Use and Salinity Gradient Grzybowski, Mirosław Burandt, Paweł Glińska-Lewczuk, Katarzyna Lew, Sylwia Obolewski, Krystian Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Coastal lakes are subject to multiple stressors, among which land use, hydrological connectivity, and salinity have the greatest effect on their biodiversity. We studied the effects that various land cover types (CORINE) of coastal lake watersheds had on macrophyte diversity in ten coastal lakes along the southern Baltic coast as characterised by twelve phytocenotic indices: these being a number of communities, Shannon–Wiener diversity, evenness, and indices of taxonomic distinctiveness of plant communities: vegetation coverage; colonisation index; share of the phytolittoral area in the total lake area, as well as shares of nympheides, pondweeds, charophytes, marine, emerged and submerged communities in the total lake area. The effects were checked for three groups of lakes distinguished by differences in salinity–freshwater (F, 5), transitional (T, 4), and brackish (B, 1)—in which a total of 48 macrophyte communities were identified. The most abundant in aquatic phytocoenoses were lakes of T type. A partial least squares regression model (PLS-R) showed a stronger impact of land-use types in immediate vicinities and entire watersheds than the impact of physico-chemical properties of water on phytocenotic indices in the lakes. Macrophyte diversity was relatively low in urban and agricultural catchments and relatively high in forest and wetland areas. Agriculture had a negative impact on the number of macrophyte communities in F lakes and, in T lakes, on the number of macrophyte communities, biodiversity, evenness, and proportion of emerged, submerged, and marine communities. Urban areas contributed to lower values of evenness, vegetation coverage, and share of marine communities in F, but, in T, to lower the number of macrophyte communities, evenness, and proportion of submerged and marine communities. Our results confirm the significant impact of land use on macrophyte diversity in coastal aquatic ecosystems. Combined analysis of anthropogenic and natural descriptors is a prerequisite for analysing human threats to biodiversity in coastal lakes. Macrophyte community-based measures of biodiversity are sensitive indicators of anthropogenic impact on the ecological condition of coastal ecosystems. MDPI 2022-12-10 /pmc/articles/PMC9779085/ /pubmed/36554500 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416620 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Grzybowski, Mirosław Burandt, Paweł Glińska-Lewczuk, Katarzyna Lew, Sylwia Obolewski, Krystian Response of Macrophyte Diversity in Coastal Lakes to Watershed Land Use and Salinity Gradient |
title | Response of Macrophyte Diversity in Coastal Lakes to Watershed Land Use and Salinity Gradient |
title_full | Response of Macrophyte Diversity in Coastal Lakes to Watershed Land Use and Salinity Gradient |
title_fullStr | Response of Macrophyte Diversity in Coastal Lakes to Watershed Land Use and Salinity Gradient |
title_full_unstemmed | Response of Macrophyte Diversity in Coastal Lakes to Watershed Land Use and Salinity Gradient |
title_short | Response of Macrophyte Diversity in Coastal Lakes to Watershed Land Use and Salinity Gradient |
title_sort | response of macrophyte diversity in coastal lakes to watershed land use and salinity gradient |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9779085/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36554500 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416620 |
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