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Microglia and Brain Macrophages as Drivers of Glioma Progression
Evidence is accumulating that the tumour microenvironment (TME) has a key role in the progression of gliomas. Non-neoplastic cells in addition to the tumour cells are therefore finding increasing attention. Microglia and other glioma-associated macrophages are at the centre of this interest especial...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9779147/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36555253 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232415612 |
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author | Zheng, Yuqi Graeber, Manuel B. |
author_facet | Zheng, Yuqi Graeber, Manuel B. |
author_sort | Zheng, Yuqi |
collection | PubMed |
description | Evidence is accumulating that the tumour microenvironment (TME) has a key role in the progression of gliomas. Non-neoplastic cells in addition to the tumour cells are therefore finding increasing attention. Microglia and other glioma-associated macrophages are at the centre of this interest especially in the context of therapeutic considerations. New ideas have emerged regarding the role of microglia and, more recently, blood-derived brain macrophages in glioblastoma (GBM) progression. We are now beginning to understand the mechanisms that allow malignant glioma cells to weaken microglia and brain macrophage defence mechanisms. Surface molecules and cytokines have a prominent role in microglia/macrophage-glioma cell interactions, and we discuss them in detail. The involvement of exosomes and microRNAs forms another focus of this review. In addition, certain microglia and glioma cell pathways deserve special attention. These “synergistic” (we suggest calling them “Janus”) pathways are active in both glioma cells and microglia/macrophages where they act in concert supporting malignant glioma progression. Examples include CCN4 (WISP1)/Integrin α6β1/Akt and CHI3L1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR. They represent attractive therapeutic targets. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9779147 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97791472022-12-23 Microglia and Brain Macrophages as Drivers of Glioma Progression Zheng, Yuqi Graeber, Manuel B. Int J Mol Sci Review Evidence is accumulating that the tumour microenvironment (TME) has a key role in the progression of gliomas. Non-neoplastic cells in addition to the tumour cells are therefore finding increasing attention. Microglia and other glioma-associated macrophages are at the centre of this interest especially in the context of therapeutic considerations. New ideas have emerged regarding the role of microglia and, more recently, blood-derived brain macrophages in glioblastoma (GBM) progression. We are now beginning to understand the mechanisms that allow malignant glioma cells to weaken microglia and brain macrophage defence mechanisms. Surface molecules and cytokines have a prominent role in microglia/macrophage-glioma cell interactions, and we discuss them in detail. The involvement of exosomes and microRNAs forms another focus of this review. In addition, certain microglia and glioma cell pathways deserve special attention. These “synergistic” (we suggest calling them “Janus”) pathways are active in both glioma cells and microglia/macrophages where they act in concert supporting malignant glioma progression. Examples include CCN4 (WISP1)/Integrin α6β1/Akt and CHI3L1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR. They represent attractive therapeutic targets. MDPI 2022-12-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9779147/ /pubmed/36555253 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232415612 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Zheng, Yuqi Graeber, Manuel B. Microglia and Brain Macrophages as Drivers of Glioma Progression |
title | Microglia and Brain Macrophages as Drivers of Glioma Progression |
title_full | Microglia and Brain Macrophages as Drivers of Glioma Progression |
title_fullStr | Microglia and Brain Macrophages as Drivers of Glioma Progression |
title_full_unstemmed | Microglia and Brain Macrophages as Drivers of Glioma Progression |
title_short | Microglia and Brain Macrophages as Drivers of Glioma Progression |
title_sort | microglia and brain macrophages as drivers of glioma progression |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9779147/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36555253 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232415612 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT zhengyuqi microgliaandbrainmacrophagesasdriversofgliomaprogression AT graebermanuelb microgliaandbrainmacrophagesasdriversofgliomaprogression |