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Drivers of Stunting Reduction in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A Case Study

Background: Chronic malnutrition in children is a severe global health concern. In Yogyakarta, the number of children who are too short for their age has dropped dramatically over the past few decades. Objective: To perform an analysis of trends, policies, and programs; and an assessment of governme...

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Autores principales: Siswati, Tri, Iskandar, Slamet, Pramestuti, Nova, Raharjo, Jarohman, Rubaya, Agus Kharmayana, Wiratama, Bayu Satria
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9779185/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36554378
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416497
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author Siswati, Tri
Iskandar, Slamet
Pramestuti, Nova
Raharjo, Jarohman
Rubaya, Agus Kharmayana
Wiratama, Bayu Satria
author_facet Siswati, Tri
Iskandar, Slamet
Pramestuti, Nova
Raharjo, Jarohman
Rubaya, Agus Kharmayana
Wiratama, Bayu Satria
author_sort Siswati, Tri
collection PubMed
description Background: Chronic malnutrition in children is a severe global health concern. In Yogyakarta, the number of children who are too short for their age has dropped dramatically over the past few decades. Objective: To perform an analysis of trends, policies, and programs; and an assessment of government, community, household, and individual drivers of the stunting reduction in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Method: Using a mixed-methods approach, there were three types of research: (1) analysis of quantitative data, (2) evaluation of stunting policy, and (3) focus group discussions and in-depth interviews to collect qualitative data. Results: The prevalence of stunting has decreased from year to year. Mean height-for-age z-scores (HAZ) improved by 0.22 SDs from 2013 to 2021. Male and female toddlers aged <20 months have relatively the same body length as the WHO median, but it is lower for children >20 months old. The COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to an increase in stunting-concurrent wasting. Nutrition-specific and -sensitive interventions have been carried out with coverage that continues to increase from year to year, although in 2020, or at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the coverage of specific interventions decreased. The government has committed to tackling stunting by implementing the five pillars of stunting prevention and the eight convergent stunting actions. As the drivers of stunting reduction, national and community stakeholders and mothers, at the village level, cited a combination of poverty reduction, years of formal education, prevention of early marriage, access to food, enhanced knowledge and perception, and increased access to sanitation and hygiene. Conclusions: Nutrition-specific and -sensitive sector improvements have been crucial for decreasing stunting in Yogyakarta, particularly in the areas of poverty reduction, food access, preventing child marriage, sanitation, education, and increasing knowledge and perception.
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spelling pubmed-97791852022-12-23 Drivers of Stunting Reduction in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A Case Study Siswati, Tri Iskandar, Slamet Pramestuti, Nova Raharjo, Jarohman Rubaya, Agus Kharmayana Wiratama, Bayu Satria Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Background: Chronic malnutrition in children is a severe global health concern. In Yogyakarta, the number of children who are too short for their age has dropped dramatically over the past few decades. Objective: To perform an analysis of trends, policies, and programs; and an assessment of government, community, household, and individual drivers of the stunting reduction in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Method: Using a mixed-methods approach, there were three types of research: (1) analysis of quantitative data, (2) evaluation of stunting policy, and (3) focus group discussions and in-depth interviews to collect qualitative data. Results: The prevalence of stunting has decreased from year to year. Mean height-for-age z-scores (HAZ) improved by 0.22 SDs from 2013 to 2021. Male and female toddlers aged <20 months have relatively the same body length as the WHO median, but it is lower for children >20 months old. The COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to an increase in stunting-concurrent wasting. Nutrition-specific and -sensitive interventions have been carried out with coverage that continues to increase from year to year, although in 2020, or at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the coverage of specific interventions decreased. The government has committed to tackling stunting by implementing the five pillars of stunting prevention and the eight convergent stunting actions. As the drivers of stunting reduction, national and community stakeholders and mothers, at the village level, cited a combination of poverty reduction, years of formal education, prevention of early marriage, access to food, enhanced knowledge and perception, and increased access to sanitation and hygiene. Conclusions: Nutrition-specific and -sensitive sector improvements have been crucial for decreasing stunting in Yogyakarta, particularly in the areas of poverty reduction, food access, preventing child marriage, sanitation, education, and increasing knowledge and perception. MDPI 2022-12-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9779185/ /pubmed/36554378 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416497 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Siswati, Tri
Iskandar, Slamet
Pramestuti, Nova
Raharjo, Jarohman
Rubaya, Agus Kharmayana
Wiratama, Bayu Satria
Drivers of Stunting Reduction in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A Case Study
title Drivers of Stunting Reduction in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A Case Study
title_full Drivers of Stunting Reduction in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A Case Study
title_fullStr Drivers of Stunting Reduction in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A Case Study
title_full_unstemmed Drivers of Stunting Reduction in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A Case Study
title_short Drivers of Stunting Reduction in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A Case Study
title_sort drivers of stunting reduction in yogyakarta, indonesia: a case study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9779185/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36554378
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416497
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