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Conservation and Divergence of the Trihelix Genes in Brassica and Expression Profiles of BnaTH Genes in Brassica napus under Abiotic Stresses

Trihelix (TH) proteins are a family of plant-specific transcription factors that play a role in light response and are extensively involved in plant growth and development, as well as in various stress responses. However, the function of TH genes in Brassica napus (B. napus) remains unclear, as does...

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Autores principales: Zhang, Cuiping, Lu, Lijing, Gong, Ruolin, Su, Xing, Liu, Fengbo, Zhang, Ru, Hu, Jihong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9779230/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36555407
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232415766
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author Zhang, Cuiping
Lu, Lijing
Gong, Ruolin
Su, Xing
Liu, Fengbo
Zhang, Ru
Hu, Jihong
author_facet Zhang, Cuiping
Lu, Lijing
Gong, Ruolin
Su, Xing
Liu, Fengbo
Zhang, Ru
Hu, Jihong
author_sort Zhang, Cuiping
collection PubMed
description Trihelix (TH) proteins are a family of plant-specific transcription factors that play a role in light response and are extensively involved in plant growth and development, as well as in various stress responses. However, the function of TH genes in Brassica napus (B. napus) remains unclear, as does the evolution and differentiation pattern of TH genes in Brassica plants. Here, we identified a total of 455 TH genes in seven species, including six Brassica species and Arabidopsis, which were grouped into five clades, GT-1, GT-2, GTγ, SH4, and SIP1, each with 69, 142, 44, 55, and 145 members, respectively. The types and distributions of motifs of the TH proteins and the structures of the TH genes are conserved in the same subgroup, and some variations in certain amino acid residues occur in B. napus when inheriting motifs from Brassica rapa (B. rapa) and Brassica oleracea (B. oleracea). Collinearity analysis revealed that the massive expansion of TH genes in tetraploid species was attributed to the hetero-tetraploidization of diploid ancestors and gene duplication events within the tetraploid species. Comparative analysis of the membership numbers of five subgroups in different species revealed that the GT-2 and SIP1 genes underwent significant expansion during evolution, possibly to support the better adaptation of plants to their environments. The differential expression of the BnaTH genes under five stresses indicates that the BnaTH genes are involved in plant responses to stresses such as drought, cold, and heat. The presence of different stress-responsive cis-elements in the upstream promoter region of the genes indicated that BnaTH genes have the potential to cope with variable environments. Meanwhile, qRT-PCR analyses also confirmed that five TH genes respond to different abiotic stresses. Our results provide information and candidates for further studies on the role of TH genes in stress resistance of B. napus.
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spelling pubmed-97792302022-12-23 Conservation and Divergence of the Trihelix Genes in Brassica and Expression Profiles of BnaTH Genes in Brassica napus under Abiotic Stresses Zhang, Cuiping Lu, Lijing Gong, Ruolin Su, Xing Liu, Fengbo Zhang, Ru Hu, Jihong Int J Mol Sci Article Trihelix (TH) proteins are a family of plant-specific transcription factors that play a role in light response and are extensively involved in plant growth and development, as well as in various stress responses. However, the function of TH genes in Brassica napus (B. napus) remains unclear, as does the evolution and differentiation pattern of TH genes in Brassica plants. Here, we identified a total of 455 TH genes in seven species, including six Brassica species and Arabidopsis, which were grouped into five clades, GT-1, GT-2, GTγ, SH4, and SIP1, each with 69, 142, 44, 55, and 145 members, respectively. The types and distributions of motifs of the TH proteins and the structures of the TH genes are conserved in the same subgroup, and some variations in certain amino acid residues occur in B. napus when inheriting motifs from Brassica rapa (B. rapa) and Brassica oleracea (B. oleracea). Collinearity analysis revealed that the massive expansion of TH genes in tetraploid species was attributed to the hetero-tetraploidization of diploid ancestors and gene duplication events within the tetraploid species. Comparative analysis of the membership numbers of five subgroups in different species revealed that the GT-2 and SIP1 genes underwent significant expansion during evolution, possibly to support the better adaptation of plants to their environments. The differential expression of the BnaTH genes under five stresses indicates that the BnaTH genes are involved in plant responses to stresses such as drought, cold, and heat. The presence of different stress-responsive cis-elements in the upstream promoter region of the genes indicated that BnaTH genes have the potential to cope with variable environments. Meanwhile, qRT-PCR analyses also confirmed that five TH genes respond to different abiotic stresses. Our results provide information and candidates for further studies on the role of TH genes in stress resistance of B. napus. MDPI 2022-12-12 /pmc/articles/PMC9779230/ /pubmed/36555407 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232415766 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Zhang, Cuiping
Lu, Lijing
Gong, Ruolin
Su, Xing
Liu, Fengbo
Zhang, Ru
Hu, Jihong
Conservation and Divergence of the Trihelix Genes in Brassica and Expression Profiles of BnaTH Genes in Brassica napus under Abiotic Stresses
title Conservation and Divergence of the Trihelix Genes in Brassica and Expression Profiles of BnaTH Genes in Brassica napus under Abiotic Stresses
title_full Conservation and Divergence of the Trihelix Genes in Brassica and Expression Profiles of BnaTH Genes in Brassica napus under Abiotic Stresses
title_fullStr Conservation and Divergence of the Trihelix Genes in Brassica and Expression Profiles of BnaTH Genes in Brassica napus under Abiotic Stresses
title_full_unstemmed Conservation and Divergence of the Trihelix Genes in Brassica and Expression Profiles of BnaTH Genes in Brassica napus under Abiotic Stresses
title_short Conservation and Divergence of the Trihelix Genes in Brassica and Expression Profiles of BnaTH Genes in Brassica napus under Abiotic Stresses
title_sort conservation and divergence of the trihelix genes in brassica and expression profiles of bnath genes in brassica napus under abiotic stresses
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9779230/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36555407
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232415766
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