Down regulation of fatty acid synthase via inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR in ovarian cancer cell line by novel organoselenium pseudopeptide

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the 7th most common cancer in women world-wide and the 3rd most common female cancer. For the treatment of OC, there is no successful therapeutic. The medications that are currently available have significant side effects and a low therapeutic index. This work aimed to evaluate the anticancer activity of organoselenium pseudopeptide compound against OC cell lines. After treatment with 50 ​μM of compound 4 (CPD 4), the viability was determined. The anticancer activity was further investigated by different methods including cell cycle and apoptosis analysis, colony formation assay, zymography, comet assay and Western blot. In comparison to a positive control, compound 4 showed cytotoxicity toward A2780CP cells rather than A2780 and SKOV-3 ​cells. Compound 4 was more selective to OC cells rather than HSF cells. Moreover, Compound 4 was able to inhibit cell migration and proliferation. The anticancer effect of compound 4 was found to be partially via cell cycle arrest, overexpression of p27 ​cell cycle inhibitor and induction of apoptosis through DNA fragmentation and activated production of ROS. Compound 4 had a differential effect on the modulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in the OC treated cell lines, also inhibited lipogenesis process via downregulation of FASN expression. Conclusion: This work highlights the unique role of Compound 4 against OC via modulation of oxidative stress, inhibition of survival PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Compound 4 was found to be a promising alternative therapy for the treatment of OC in this investigation.