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Microfluidic liquid sheets as large-area targets for high repetition XFELs
The high intensity of X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) can damage solution-phase samples on every scale, ranging from the molecular or electronic structure of a sample to the macroscopic structure of a liquid microjet. By using a large surface area liquid sheet microjet as a sample target instead...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9780453/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36567947 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2022.1048932 |
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author | Hoffman, David J. Van Driel, Tim B. Kroll, Thomas Crissman, Christopher J. Ryland, Elizabeth S. Nelson, Kacie J. Cordones, Amy A. Koralek, Jake D. DePonte, Daniel P. |
author_facet | Hoffman, David J. Van Driel, Tim B. Kroll, Thomas Crissman, Christopher J. Ryland, Elizabeth S. Nelson, Kacie J. Cordones, Amy A. Koralek, Jake D. DePonte, Daniel P. |
author_sort | Hoffman, David J. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The high intensity of X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) can damage solution-phase samples on every scale, ranging from the molecular or electronic structure of a sample to the macroscopic structure of a liquid microjet. By using a large surface area liquid sheet microjet as a sample target instead of a standard cylindrical microjet, the incident X-ray spot size can be increased such that the incident intensity falls below the damage threshold. This capability is becoming particularly important for high repetition rate XFELs, where destroying a target with each pulse would require prohibitively large volumes of sample. We present here a study of microfluidic liquid sheet dimensions as a function of liquid flow rate. Sheet lengths, widths and thickness gradients are shown for three styles of nozzles fabricated from isotropically etched glass. In-vacuum operation and sample recirculation using these nozzles is demonstrated. The effects of intense XFEL pulses on the structure of a liquid sheet are also briefly examined. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9780453 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97804532022-12-24 Microfluidic liquid sheets as large-area targets for high repetition XFELs Hoffman, David J. Van Driel, Tim B. Kroll, Thomas Crissman, Christopher J. Ryland, Elizabeth S. Nelson, Kacie J. Cordones, Amy A. Koralek, Jake D. DePonte, Daniel P. Front Mol Biosci Molecular Biosciences The high intensity of X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) can damage solution-phase samples on every scale, ranging from the molecular or electronic structure of a sample to the macroscopic structure of a liquid microjet. By using a large surface area liquid sheet microjet as a sample target instead of a standard cylindrical microjet, the incident X-ray spot size can be increased such that the incident intensity falls below the damage threshold. This capability is becoming particularly important for high repetition rate XFELs, where destroying a target with each pulse would require prohibitively large volumes of sample. We present here a study of microfluidic liquid sheet dimensions as a function of liquid flow rate. Sheet lengths, widths and thickness gradients are shown for three styles of nozzles fabricated from isotropically etched glass. In-vacuum operation and sample recirculation using these nozzles is demonstrated. The effects of intense XFEL pulses on the structure of a liquid sheet are also briefly examined. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-12-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9780453/ /pubmed/36567947 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2022.1048932 Text en Copyright © 2022 Hoffman, Van Driel, Kroll, Crissman, Ryland, Nelson, Cordones, Koralek and DePonte. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Molecular Biosciences Hoffman, David J. Van Driel, Tim B. Kroll, Thomas Crissman, Christopher J. Ryland, Elizabeth S. Nelson, Kacie J. Cordones, Amy A. Koralek, Jake D. DePonte, Daniel P. Microfluidic liquid sheets as large-area targets for high repetition XFELs |
title | Microfluidic liquid sheets as large-area targets for high repetition XFELs |
title_full | Microfluidic liquid sheets as large-area targets for high repetition XFELs |
title_fullStr | Microfluidic liquid sheets as large-area targets for high repetition XFELs |
title_full_unstemmed | Microfluidic liquid sheets as large-area targets for high repetition XFELs |
title_short | Microfluidic liquid sheets as large-area targets for high repetition XFELs |
title_sort | microfluidic liquid sheets as large-area targets for high repetition xfels |
topic | Molecular Biosciences |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9780453/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36567947 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2022.1048932 |
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