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The Subunit AEC/BC02 Vaccine Combined with Antibiotics Provides Protection in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Infected Guinea Pigs

A latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a major source of active tuberculosis, and addressing an LTBI is crucial for the elimination of tuberculosis. The treatment of tuberculosis often requires a 6-month course of multidrug therapy, and for drug-resistant tuberculosis, a longer course of multidru...

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Autores principales: Guo, Xiaonan, Lu, Jinbiao, Li, Junli, Du, Weixin, Shen, Xiaobing, Su, Cheng, Wu, Yongge, Zhao, Aihua, Xu, Miao
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9781032/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36560574
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10122164
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author Guo, Xiaonan
Lu, Jinbiao
Li, Junli
Du, Weixin
Shen, Xiaobing
Su, Cheng
Wu, Yongge
Zhao, Aihua
Xu, Miao
author_facet Guo, Xiaonan
Lu, Jinbiao
Li, Junli
Du, Weixin
Shen, Xiaobing
Su, Cheng
Wu, Yongge
Zhao, Aihua
Xu, Miao
author_sort Guo, Xiaonan
collection PubMed
description A latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a major source of active tuberculosis, and addressing an LTBI is crucial for the elimination of tuberculosis. The treatment of tuberculosis often requires a 6-month course of multidrug therapy, and for drug-resistant tuberculosis, a longer course of multidrug therapy is needed, which has many drawbacks. At present, vaccines are proposed as an adjunct to chemotherapy to protect populations with an LTBI and delay its recurrence. In this study, we analyzed the protective effect of a novel subunit vaccine, AEC/BC02, in a guinea pig latent infection model. Through the optimization of different chemotherapy durations and immunization times, it was found that 4 weeks of administration of isoniazid–rifampin tablets combined with three or six injections of the vaccine could significantly reduce the gross pathological score and bacterial load in organs and improve the pathological lesions. This treatment regimen had a better protective effect than the other administration methods. Furthermore, no drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was detected after 2 or 4 weeks of administration of the isoniazid–rifampin tablets, indicating a low risk of developing drug-resistant bacteria during short-term chemotherapy. The above results provided the foundation for an AEC/BC02 clinical protocol.
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spelling pubmed-97810322022-12-24 The Subunit AEC/BC02 Vaccine Combined with Antibiotics Provides Protection in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Infected Guinea Pigs Guo, Xiaonan Lu, Jinbiao Li, Junli Du, Weixin Shen, Xiaobing Su, Cheng Wu, Yongge Zhao, Aihua Xu, Miao Vaccines (Basel) Article A latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a major source of active tuberculosis, and addressing an LTBI is crucial for the elimination of tuberculosis. The treatment of tuberculosis often requires a 6-month course of multidrug therapy, and for drug-resistant tuberculosis, a longer course of multidrug therapy is needed, which has many drawbacks. At present, vaccines are proposed as an adjunct to chemotherapy to protect populations with an LTBI and delay its recurrence. In this study, we analyzed the protective effect of a novel subunit vaccine, AEC/BC02, in a guinea pig latent infection model. Through the optimization of different chemotherapy durations and immunization times, it was found that 4 weeks of administration of isoniazid–rifampin tablets combined with three or six injections of the vaccine could significantly reduce the gross pathological score and bacterial load in organs and improve the pathological lesions. This treatment regimen had a better protective effect than the other administration methods. Furthermore, no drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was detected after 2 or 4 weeks of administration of the isoniazid–rifampin tablets, indicating a low risk of developing drug-resistant bacteria during short-term chemotherapy. The above results provided the foundation for an AEC/BC02 clinical protocol. MDPI 2022-12-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9781032/ /pubmed/36560574 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10122164 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Guo, Xiaonan
Lu, Jinbiao
Li, Junli
Du, Weixin
Shen, Xiaobing
Su, Cheng
Wu, Yongge
Zhao, Aihua
Xu, Miao
The Subunit AEC/BC02 Vaccine Combined with Antibiotics Provides Protection in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Infected Guinea Pigs
title The Subunit AEC/BC02 Vaccine Combined with Antibiotics Provides Protection in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Infected Guinea Pigs
title_full The Subunit AEC/BC02 Vaccine Combined with Antibiotics Provides Protection in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Infected Guinea Pigs
title_fullStr The Subunit AEC/BC02 Vaccine Combined with Antibiotics Provides Protection in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Infected Guinea Pigs
title_full_unstemmed The Subunit AEC/BC02 Vaccine Combined with Antibiotics Provides Protection in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Infected Guinea Pigs
title_short The Subunit AEC/BC02 Vaccine Combined with Antibiotics Provides Protection in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Infected Guinea Pigs
title_sort subunit aec/bc02 vaccine combined with antibiotics provides protection in mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected guinea pigs
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9781032/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36560574
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10122164
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