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Organ-Specific Endothelial Dysfunction Following Total Body Irradiation Exposure

As the single cell lining of the heart and all blood vessels, the vascular endothelium serves a critical role in maintaining homeostasis via control of vascular tone, immune cell recruitment, and macromolecular transit. For victims of acute high-dose radiation exposure, damage to the vascular endoth...

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Autores principales: Sharma, Guru Prasad, Himburg, Heather A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9781710/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36548580
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics10120747
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author Sharma, Guru Prasad
Himburg, Heather A.
author_facet Sharma, Guru Prasad
Himburg, Heather A.
author_sort Sharma, Guru Prasad
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description As the single cell lining of the heart and all blood vessels, the vascular endothelium serves a critical role in maintaining homeostasis via control of vascular tone, immune cell recruitment, and macromolecular transit. For victims of acute high-dose radiation exposure, damage to the vascular endothelium may exacerbate the pathogenesis of acute and delayed multi-organ radiation toxicities. While commonalities exist between radiation-induced endothelial dysfunction in radiosensitive organs, the vascular endothelium is known to be highly heterogeneous as it is required to serve tissue and organ specific roles. In keeping with its organ and tissue specific functionality, the molecular and cellular response of the endothelium to radiation injury varies by organ. Therefore, in the development of medical countermeasures for multi-organ injury, it is necessary to consider organ and tissue-specific endothelial responses to both injury and candidate mitigators. The purpose of this review is to summarize the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction following total or near total body irradiation exposure at the level of individual radiosensitive organs.
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spelling pubmed-97817102022-12-24 Organ-Specific Endothelial Dysfunction Following Total Body Irradiation Exposure Sharma, Guru Prasad Himburg, Heather A. Toxics Review As the single cell lining of the heart and all blood vessels, the vascular endothelium serves a critical role in maintaining homeostasis via control of vascular tone, immune cell recruitment, and macromolecular transit. For victims of acute high-dose radiation exposure, damage to the vascular endothelium may exacerbate the pathogenesis of acute and delayed multi-organ radiation toxicities. While commonalities exist between radiation-induced endothelial dysfunction in radiosensitive organs, the vascular endothelium is known to be highly heterogeneous as it is required to serve tissue and organ specific roles. In keeping with its organ and tissue specific functionality, the molecular and cellular response of the endothelium to radiation injury varies by organ. Therefore, in the development of medical countermeasures for multi-organ injury, it is necessary to consider organ and tissue-specific endothelial responses to both injury and candidate mitigators. The purpose of this review is to summarize the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction following total or near total body irradiation exposure at the level of individual radiosensitive organs. MDPI 2022-12-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9781710/ /pubmed/36548580 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics10120747 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Sharma, Guru Prasad
Himburg, Heather A.
Organ-Specific Endothelial Dysfunction Following Total Body Irradiation Exposure
title Organ-Specific Endothelial Dysfunction Following Total Body Irradiation Exposure
title_full Organ-Specific Endothelial Dysfunction Following Total Body Irradiation Exposure
title_fullStr Organ-Specific Endothelial Dysfunction Following Total Body Irradiation Exposure
title_full_unstemmed Organ-Specific Endothelial Dysfunction Following Total Body Irradiation Exposure
title_short Organ-Specific Endothelial Dysfunction Following Total Body Irradiation Exposure
title_sort organ-specific endothelial dysfunction following total body irradiation exposure
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9781710/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36548580
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics10120747
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