Optimization of Preparation Conditions of Poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) PMIA Hollow Fiber Nanofiltration Membranes for Dye/Salt Wastewater Treatment

Externally selective thin film composite (TFC) hollow fiber (HF) nanofiltration membranes (NFMs) hold great industrial application prospects because of their high surface area module. However, the complicated preparation process of the membrane has hindered its mass manufacture and application. In this work, PMIA TFC HF NFMs were successfully prepared by the interfacial polymerization (IP) of piperazine (PIP) with 1,3,5-benzenetricarbonyl trichloride (TMC). The effect of the membrane preparation conditions on their separation performance was systematically investigated. The characterized results showed the successful formation of a polyamide (PA) separation layer on PMIA HF substrates by the IP process. The as-prepared HF NFMs’ performance under optimized conditions achieved the highest pure water permeability (18.20 L·m(−2)·h(−1), 0.35 MPa) and superior salt rejection in the order: R(Na(2)SO(4)) (98.30%) > R(MgSO(4)) (94.60%) > R(MgCl(2)) (61.48%) > R(NaCl) (19.24%). In addition, the as-prepared PMIA HF TFC NFMs exhibited desirable pressure resistance at various operating bars and Na(2)SO(4) feed concentrations. Excellent separation performance of chromotrope 2B dye was also achieved. The as-prepared PMIA HF NFMs thus show great promise for printing and dyeing wastewater treatment.