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Effect of Farnesol in Trichoderma Physiology and in Fungal–Plant Interaction

Farnesol is an isoprenoid intermediate in the mevalonate (MVA) pathway and is produced by the dephosphorylation of farnesyl diphosphate. Farnesol plays a central role in cell growth and differentiation, controls production of ubiquinone and ergosterol, and participates in the regulation of filamenta...

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Autores principales: Cardoza, Rosa E., McCormick, Susan P., Lindo, Laura, Mayo-Prieto, Sara, González-Cazón, David, Martínez-Reyes, Natalia, Carro-Huerga, Guzmán, Rodríguez-González, Álvaro, Proctor, Robert H., Casquero, Pedro A., Gutiérrez, Santiago
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9783820/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36547599
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8121266
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author Cardoza, Rosa E.
McCormick, Susan P.
Lindo, Laura
Mayo-Prieto, Sara
González-Cazón, David
Martínez-Reyes, Natalia
Carro-Huerga, Guzmán
Rodríguez-González, Álvaro
Proctor, Robert H.
Casquero, Pedro A.
Gutiérrez, Santiago
author_facet Cardoza, Rosa E.
McCormick, Susan P.
Lindo, Laura
Mayo-Prieto, Sara
González-Cazón, David
Martínez-Reyes, Natalia
Carro-Huerga, Guzmán
Rodríguez-González, Álvaro
Proctor, Robert H.
Casquero, Pedro A.
Gutiérrez, Santiago
author_sort Cardoza, Rosa E.
collection PubMed
description Farnesol is an isoprenoid intermediate in the mevalonate (MVA) pathway and is produced by the dephosphorylation of farnesyl diphosphate. Farnesol plays a central role in cell growth and differentiation, controls production of ubiquinone and ergosterol, and participates in the regulation of filamentation and biofilm formation. Despite these important functions, studies of farnesol in filamentous fungi are limited, and information on its effects on antifungal and/or biocontrol activity is scarce. In the present article, we identified the Trichoderma harzianum gene dpp1, encoding a diacylglycerol pyrophosphatase that catalyzes production of farnesol from farnesol diphosphate. We analyzed the function of dpp1 to address the importance of farnesol in Trichoderma physiology and ecology. Overexpression of dpp1 in T. harzianum caused an expected increase in farnesol production as well as a marked change in squalene and ergosterol levels, but overexpression did not affect antifungal activity. In interaction with plants, a dpp1-overexpressing transformant acted as a sensitizing agent in that it up-regulated expression of plant defense salicylate-related genes in the presence of a fungal plant pathogen. In addition, toxicity of farnesol on Trichoderma and plants was examined. Finally, a phylogenetic study of dpp1 was performed to understand its evolutionary history as a primary metabolite gene. This article represents a step forward in the acquisition of knowledge on the role of farnesol in fungal physiology and in fungus-environment interactions.
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spelling pubmed-97838202022-12-24 Effect of Farnesol in Trichoderma Physiology and in Fungal–Plant Interaction Cardoza, Rosa E. McCormick, Susan P. Lindo, Laura Mayo-Prieto, Sara González-Cazón, David Martínez-Reyes, Natalia Carro-Huerga, Guzmán Rodríguez-González, Álvaro Proctor, Robert H. Casquero, Pedro A. Gutiérrez, Santiago J Fungi (Basel) Article Farnesol is an isoprenoid intermediate in the mevalonate (MVA) pathway and is produced by the dephosphorylation of farnesyl diphosphate. Farnesol plays a central role in cell growth and differentiation, controls production of ubiquinone and ergosterol, and participates in the regulation of filamentation and biofilm formation. Despite these important functions, studies of farnesol in filamentous fungi are limited, and information on its effects on antifungal and/or biocontrol activity is scarce. In the present article, we identified the Trichoderma harzianum gene dpp1, encoding a diacylglycerol pyrophosphatase that catalyzes production of farnesol from farnesol diphosphate. We analyzed the function of dpp1 to address the importance of farnesol in Trichoderma physiology and ecology. Overexpression of dpp1 in T. harzianum caused an expected increase in farnesol production as well as a marked change in squalene and ergosterol levels, but overexpression did not affect antifungal activity. In interaction with plants, a dpp1-overexpressing transformant acted as a sensitizing agent in that it up-regulated expression of plant defense salicylate-related genes in the presence of a fungal plant pathogen. In addition, toxicity of farnesol on Trichoderma and plants was examined. Finally, a phylogenetic study of dpp1 was performed to understand its evolutionary history as a primary metabolite gene. This article represents a step forward in the acquisition of knowledge on the role of farnesol in fungal physiology and in fungus-environment interactions. MDPI 2022-11-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9783820/ /pubmed/36547599 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8121266 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Cardoza, Rosa E.
McCormick, Susan P.
Lindo, Laura
Mayo-Prieto, Sara
González-Cazón, David
Martínez-Reyes, Natalia
Carro-Huerga, Guzmán
Rodríguez-González, Álvaro
Proctor, Robert H.
Casquero, Pedro A.
Gutiérrez, Santiago
Effect of Farnesol in Trichoderma Physiology and in Fungal–Plant Interaction
title Effect of Farnesol in Trichoderma Physiology and in Fungal–Plant Interaction
title_full Effect of Farnesol in Trichoderma Physiology and in Fungal–Plant Interaction
title_fullStr Effect of Farnesol in Trichoderma Physiology and in Fungal–Plant Interaction
title_full_unstemmed Effect of Farnesol in Trichoderma Physiology and in Fungal–Plant Interaction
title_short Effect of Farnesol in Trichoderma Physiology and in Fungal–Plant Interaction
title_sort effect of farnesol in trichoderma physiology and in fungal–plant interaction
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9783820/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36547599
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8121266
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