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Evaluation of the Sensitivity of Selected Candida Strains to Ozonated Water—An In Vitro Study
(1) Background and Objectives: Oral candidiasis has increased significantly in recent years. Increasingly, we encounter treatment difficulties related to drug resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to search for other therapies such as ozone therapy, which has antimicrobial activity. The aim of this...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9784337/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36556933 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina58121731 |
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author | Kuśka-Kiełbratowska, Anna Wiench, Rafał Mertas, Anna Bobela, Elżbieta Kiełbratowski, Maksymilian Lukomska-Szymanska, Monika Tanasiewicz, Marta Skaba, Dariusz |
author_facet | Kuśka-Kiełbratowska, Anna Wiench, Rafał Mertas, Anna Bobela, Elżbieta Kiełbratowski, Maksymilian Lukomska-Szymanska, Monika Tanasiewicz, Marta Skaba, Dariusz |
author_sort | Kuśka-Kiełbratowska, Anna |
collection | PubMed |
description | (1) Background and Objectives: Oral candidiasis has increased significantly in recent years. Increasingly, we encounter treatment difficulties related to drug resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to search for other therapies such as ozone therapy, which has antimicrobial activity. The aim of this study was to determine the sensitivity of selected Candida strains to ozonated water based on concentration and contact time (2) Methods: The sensitivity of Candida strains to ozonated water with a concentration of 5 µg/mL, 30 µg/mL, and 50 µg/mL was assessed using Mosmann’s Tetrazolium Toxicity (MTT) assay. Statistical differences were assessed by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Newman-Keuls post-hoc test. A p-value of ≤0.05 was considered to indicate a statistically significant difference. (3) Results: In all the strains and research trials, the number of viable cells was reduced by ozonated water. The reduction depended on the exposure time and concentration of ozonated water. The highest percentage reduction (34.98%) for the tested samples was obtained for the C. albicans strain after 120 s of exposure at the highest concentration-50 µg/mL. (4) Conclusions: The selected strains of Candida spp. were sensitive to ozonated water at all tested concentrations (5 µg/mL, 30 µg/mL, and 50 µg/mL). The sensitivity of strains to ozonated water increased with concentration and application time. Moreover, the sensitivity of Candida strains to ozonated water is comparable to that of 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9784337 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97843372022-12-24 Evaluation of the Sensitivity of Selected Candida Strains to Ozonated Water—An In Vitro Study Kuśka-Kiełbratowska, Anna Wiench, Rafał Mertas, Anna Bobela, Elżbieta Kiełbratowski, Maksymilian Lukomska-Szymanska, Monika Tanasiewicz, Marta Skaba, Dariusz Medicina (Kaunas) Article (1) Background and Objectives: Oral candidiasis has increased significantly in recent years. Increasingly, we encounter treatment difficulties related to drug resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to search for other therapies such as ozone therapy, which has antimicrobial activity. The aim of this study was to determine the sensitivity of selected Candida strains to ozonated water based on concentration and contact time (2) Methods: The sensitivity of Candida strains to ozonated water with a concentration of 5 µg/mL, 30 µg/mL, and 50 µg/mL was assessed using Mosmann’s Tetrazolium Toxicity (MTT) assay. Statistical differences were assessed by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Newman-Keuls post-hoc test. A p-value of ≤0.05 was considered to indicate a statistically significant difference. (3) Results: In all the strains and research trials, the number of viable cells was reduced by ozonated water. The reduction depended on the exposure time and concentration of ozonated water. The highest percentage reduction (34.98%) for the tested samples was obtained for the C. albicans strain after 120 s of exposure at the highest concentration-50 µg/mL. (4) Conclusions: The selected strains of Candida spp. were sensitive to ozonated water at all tested concentrations (5 µg/mL, 30 µg/mL, and 50 µg/mL). The sensitivity of strains to ozonated water increased with concentration and application time. Moreover, the sensitivity of Candida strains to ozonated water is comparable to that of 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate. MDPI 2022-11-26 /pmc/articles/PMC9784337/ /pubmed/36556933 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina58121731 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Kuśka-Kiełbratowska, Anna Wiench, Rafał Mertas, Anna Bobela, Elżbieta Kiełbratowski, Maksymilian Lukomska-Szymanska, Monika Tanasiewicz, Marta Skaba, Dariusz Evaluation of the Sensitivity of Selected Candida Strains to Ozonated Water—An In Vitro Study |
title | Evaluation of the Sensitivity of Selected Candida Strains to Ozonated Water—An In Vitro Study |
title_full | Evaluation of the Sensitivity of Selected Candida Strains to Ozonated Water—An In Vitro Study |
title_fullStr | Evaluation of the Sensitivity of Selected Candida Strains to Ozonated Water—An In Vitro Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of the Sensitivity of Selected Candida Strains to Ozonated Water—An In Vitro Study |
title_short | Evaluation of the Sensitivity of Selected Candida Strains to Ozonated Water—An In Vitro Study |
title_sort | evaluation of the sensitivity of selected candida strains to ozonated water—an in vitro study |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9784337/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36556933 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina58121731 |
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