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Buckwheat and Cardiometabolic Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Buckwheat (BW) is suggested to have beneficial effects, but evidence on how it affects cardiometabolic health (CMH) is not yet established. We aimed to assess the effects of BW and/or its related bioactive compounds on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk markers in adults. Five databases were searched...

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Autores principales: Llanaj, Erand, Ahanchi, Noushin Sadat, Dizdari, Helga, Taneri, Petek Eylul, Niehot, Christa D., Wehrli, Faina, Khatami, Farnaz, Raeisi-Dehkordi, Hamidreza, Kastrati, Lum, Bano, Arjola, Glisic, Marija, Muka, Taulant
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9784502/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36556161
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12121940
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author Llanaj, Erand
Ahanchi, Noushin Sadat
Dizdari, Helga
Taneri, Petek Eylul
Niehot, Christa D.
Wehrli, Faina
Khatami, Farnaz
Raeisi-Dehkordi, Hamidreza
Kastrati, Lum
Bano, Arjola
Glisic, Marija
Muka, Taulant
author_facet Llanaj, Erand
Ahanchi, Noushin Sadat
Dizdari, Helga
Taneri, Petek Eylul
Niehot, Christa D.
Wehrli, Faina
Khatami, Farnaz
Raeisi-Dehkordi, Hamidreza
Kastrati, Lum
Bano, Arjola
Glisic, Marija
Muka, Taulant
author_sort Llanaj, Erand
collection PubMed
description Buckwheat (BW) is suggested to have beneficial effects, but evidence on how it affects cardiometabolic health (CMH) is not yet established. We aimed to assess the effects of BW and/or its related bioactive compounds on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk markers in adults. Five databases were searched for eligible studies. Observational prospective studies, nonrandomized or randomized trials were considered if they assessed BW, rutin or quercetin-3-glucoside intake and CVD risk markers. We adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for reporting. We selected 16 human studies based on 831 subjects with mild metabolic disturbances, such as hypercholesterolemia, diabetes and/or overweight. Eight studies, investigating primarily grain components, were included in the meta-analyses (n = 464). High study heterogeneity was present across most of our analyses. Weighted mean difference (WMD) for subjects receiving BW supplementation, compared to controls, were − 0.14 mmol/L (95% CI: −0.30; 0.02) for total cholesterol (TC), −0.03 mmol/L (95% CI: −0.22; 0.16) for LDL cholesterol, −0.14 kg (95% CI: −1.50; 1.22) for body weight, −0.04 mmol/L (95% CI: − 0.09;0.02) for HDL cholesterol, −0.02 mmol/L (95% CI: −0.15; 0.11) for triglycerides and −0.18 mmol/L (95% CI: −0.36; 0.003) for glucose. Most of the studies (66.7%) had concerns of risk of bias. Studies investigating other CVD markers were scarce and with inconsistent findings, where available. Evidence on how BW affects CMH is limited. However, the available literature indicates that BW supplementation in mild dyslipidaemia and type 2 diabetes may provide some benefit in lowering TC and glucose, albeit non-significant. Our work highlights the need for more rigorous trials, with better methodological rigor to clarify remaining uncertainties on potential effects of BW on CMH and its utility in clinical nutrition practice.
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spelling pubmed-97845022022-12-24 Buckwheat and Cardiometabolic Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Llanaj, Erand Ahanchi, Noushin Sadat Dizdari, Helga Taneri, Petek Eylul Niehot, Christa D. Wehrli, Faina Khatami, Farnaz Raeisi-Dehkordi, Hamidreza Kastrati, Lum Bano, Arjola Glisic, Marija Muka, Taulant J Pers Med Review Buckwheat (BW) is suggested to have beneficial effects, but evidence on how it affects cardiometabolic health (CMH) is not yet established. We aimed to assess the effects of BW and/or its related bioactive compounds on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk markers in adults. Five databases were searched for eligible studies. Observational prospective studies, nonrandomized or randomized trials were considered if they assessed BW, rutin or quercetin-3-glucoside intake and CVD risk markers. We adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for reporting. We selected 16 human studies based on 831 subjects with mild metabolic disturbances, such as hypercholesterolemia, diabetes and/or overweight. Eight studies, investigating primarily grain components, were included in the meta-analyses (n = 464). High study heterogeneity was present across most of our analyses. Weighted mean difference (WMD) for subjects receiving BW supplementation, compared to controls, were − 0.14 mmol/L (95% CI: −0.30; 0.02) for total cholesterol (TC), −0.03 mmol/L (95% CI: −0.22; 0.16) for LDL cholesterol, −0.14 kg (95% CI: −1.50; 1.22) for body weight, −0.04 mmol/L (95% CI: − 0.09;0.02) for HDL cholesterol, −0.02 mmol/L (95% CI: −0.15; 0.11) for triglycerides and −0.18 mmol/L (95% CI: −0.36; 0.003) for glucose. Most of the studies (66.7%) had concerns of risk of bias. Studies investigating other CVD markers were scarce and with inconsistent findings, where available. Evidence on how BW affects CMH is limited. However, the available literature indicates that BW supplementation in mild dyslipidaemia and type 2 diabetes may provide some benefit in lowering TC and glucose, albeit non-significant. Our work highlights the need for more rigorous trials, with better methodological rigor to clarify remaining uncertainties on potential effects of BW on CMH and its utility in clinical nutrition practice. MDPI 2022-11-22 /pmc/articles/PMC9784502/ /pubmed/36556161 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12121940 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Llanaj, Erand
Ahanchi, Noushin Sadat
Dizdari, Helga
Taneri, Petek Eylul
Niehot, Christa D.
Wehrli, Faina
Khatami, Farnaz
Raeisi-Dehkordi, Hamidreza
Kastrati, Lum
Bano, Arjola
Glisic, Marija
Muka, Taulant
Buckwheat and Cardiometabolic Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title Buckwheat and Cardiometabolic Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full Buckwheat and Cardiometabolic Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_fullStr Buckwheat and Cardiometabolic Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Buckwheat and Cardiometabolic Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_short Buckwheat and Cardiometabolic Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_sort buckwheat and cardiometabolic health: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9784502/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36556161
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12121940
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