Papillary Squamotransitional Cell Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix with Atypical Presentation: A Case Report with a Literature Review

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the fourth most prevalent malignancy and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in women around the world. Histologically, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common form of cervical cancer. SCC has several subtypes, and one of the rarest is papillary squamotransitional cell carcinoma (PSCC). In general, PSCC is believed to have a similar course and prognosis to typical SCC, with a high risk of late metastasis and recurrence. Case report: We discuss the case of a 45-year-old patient diagnosed with PSCC who was admitted to our department in December 2021. The clinical manifestations were pelvic discomfort and lymphadenopathy throughout the body. On admission, all laboratory values, with the exception of C-Reactive Protein (CRP) at 22.35 mg/L and hemoglobin (HGB) at 87.0 g/L, were normal. The clinical and ultrasound examination revealed a painful formation with indistinct borders in the right portion of the small pelvis. Following dilation and curettage, a Tru-Cut biopsy of the inguinal lymph nodes was performed. The investigation histologically indicated PSCC. MRI of the small pelvis showed an endophytic tumor in the cervix with dimensions of 35/26 mm and provided data for bilateral parametrial infiltration; a hetero-intensive tumor originating from the right ovary and involving small intestinal loops measuring 90/58 mm; and generalized lymphadenopathy and peritoneal metastases in the pouch of Douglass. The FIGO classification for the tumor was IVB. The patient was subsequently referred for chemotherapy by the tumor board’s decision. Discussion: Despite the generally good prognosis of SCC, PSCC is a rare and aggressive subtype. It is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage and has a poor prognosis. Conclusions: PSCC is a rare subtype of SCC, and its diagnosis and treatment are challenging.