Taxonomic Review of the Genus Caloptilia Hübner, 1825 (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) with Descriptions of Three New Species and Seven Newly Recorded Species from Korea

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Caloptilia is a genus of the family Gracillariidae, one of the most diverse groups of Microlepidoptera, with more than 2000 described species worldwide. The species of this family are known as leafminers because they mine into the leaves of various host plants. Caloptilia has been poorly studied in Korea, with 50% fewer known species than those in the neighboring countries, viz., China, Russia, and Japan. In this study, we aimed to clarify fauna of the genus Caloptilia in Korea by describing three new species and seven newly recorded species in the country. In addition, we list all known species from Korea, along with images of the adult specimens and genitalia. ABSTRACT: In this study, 29 species of Caloptilia Hübner, 1825, belonging to the family Gracillariidae, were recognized in Korea. Among these, three species, i.e., C. purpureus sp. nov., C. koreana sp. nov., and C. xanthos sp. nov., are described as new to science. In addition, seven species of this genus are reported for the first time in Korea. All known species were enumerated, based on their available information. Adult specimens and genitalia of the new and newly recorded species were examined and described using all available information.