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Identifying Predictors for Minimum Dietary Diversity and Minimum Meal Frequency in Children Aged 6–23 Months in Uganda

Adequate complementary foods contribute to good health and growth in young children. However, many countries are still off-track in achieving critical complementary feeding indicators, such as minimum meal frequency (MMF), minimum dietary diversity (MDD) and minimum acceptable diet (MAD). In this st...

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Autores principales: Scarpa, Giulia, Berrang-Ford, Lea, Galazoula, Maria, Kakwangire, Paul, Namanya, Didacus B., Tushemerirwe, Florence, Ahumuza, Laura, Cade, Janet E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9786234/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36558366
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14245208
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author Scarpa, Giulia
Berrang-Ford, Lea
Galazoula, Maria
Kakwangire, Paul
Namanya, Didacus B.
Tushemerirwe, Florence
Ahumuza, Laura
Cade, Janet E.
author_facet Scarpa, Giulia
Berrang-Ford, Lea
Galazoula, Maria
Kakwangire, Paul
Namanya, Didacus B.
Tushemerirwe, Florence
Ahumuza, Laura
Cade, Janet E.
author_sort Scarpa, Giulia
collection PubMed
description Adequate complementary foods contribute to good health and growth in young children. However, many countries are still off-track in achieving critical complementary feeding indicators, such as minimum meal frequency (MMF), minimum dietary diversity (MDD) and minimum acceptable diet (MAD). In this study, we used the 2016 Ugandan Demographic Health Survey (UDHS) data to assess child feeding practices in young children aged 6–23 months. We assess and describe complementary feeding indicators (MMF, MDD and MAD) for Uganda, considering geographic variation. We construct multivariable logistic regression models—stratified by age—to evaluate four theorized predictors of MMF and MDD: health status, vaccination status, household wealth and female empowerment. Our findings show an improvement of complementary feeding practice indicators in Uganda compared to the past, although the MAD threshold was reached by only 22% of children. Children who did not achieve 1 or more complementary feeding indicators are primarily based in the northern regions of Uganda. Cereals and roots were the foods most consumed daily by young children (80%), while eggs were rarely eaten. Consistent with our hypotheses, we found that health status, vaccination status and wealth were significantly positively associated with MDD and MMF, while female empowerment was not. Improving nutrition in infant and young children is a priority. Urgent nutritional policies and acceptable interventions are needed to guarantee nutritious and age-appropriate complementary foods to each Ugandan child in the first years of life.
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spelling pubmed-97862342022-12-24 Identifying Predictors for Minimum Dietary Diversity and Minimum Meal Frequency in Children Aged 6–23 Months in Uganda Scarpa, Giulia Berrang-Ford, Lea Galazoula, Maria Kakwangire, Paul Namanya, Didacus B. Tushemerirwe, Florence Ahumuza, Laura Cade, Janet E. Nutrients Article Adequate complementary foods contribute to good health and growth in young children. However, many countries are still off-track in achieving critical complementary feeding indicators, such as minimum meal frequency (MMF), minimum dietary diversity (MDD) and minimum acceptable diet (MAD). In this study, we used the 2016 Ugandan Demographic Health Survey (UDHS) data to assess child feeding practices in young children aged 6–23 months. We assess and describe complementary feeding indicators (MMF, MDD and MAD) for Uganda, considering geographic variation. We construct multivariable logistic regression models—stratified by age—to evaluate four theorized predictors of MMF and MDD: health status, vaccination status, household wealth and female empowerment. Our findings show an improvement of complementary feeding practice indicators in Uganda compared to the past, although the MAD threshold was reached by only 22% of children. Children who did not achieve 1 or more complementary feeding indicators are primarily based in the northern regions of Uganda. Cereals and roots were the foods most consumed daily by young children (80%), while eggs were rarely eaten. Consistent with our hypotheses, we found that health status, vaccination status and wealth were significantly positively associated with MDD and MMF, while female empowerment was not. Improving nutrition in infant and young children is a priority. Urgent nutritional policies and acceptable interventions are needed to guarantee nutritious and age-appropriate complementary foods to each Ugandan child in the first years of life. MDPI 2022-12-07 /pmc/articles/PMC9786234/ /pubmed/36558366 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14245208 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Scarpa, Giulia
Berrang-Ford, Lea
Galazoula, Maria
Kakwangire, Paul
Namanya, Didacus B.
Tushemerirwe, Florence
Ahumuza, Laura
Cade, Janet E.
Identifying Predictors for Minimum Dietary Diversity and Minimum Meal Frequency in Children Aged 6–23 Months in Uganda
title Identifying Predictors for Minimum Dietary Diversity and Minimum Meal Frequency in Children Aged 6–23 Months in Uganda
title_full Identifying Predictors for Minimum Dietary Diversity and Minimum Meal Frequency in Children Aged 6–23 Months in Uganda
title_fullStr Identifying Predictors for Minimum Dietary Diversity and Minimum Meal Frequency in Children Aged 6–23 Months in Uganda
title_full_unstemmed Identifying Predictors for Minimum Dietary Diversity and Minimum Meal Frequency in Children Aged 6–23 Months in Uganda
title_short Identifying Predictors for Minimum Dietary Diversity and Minimum Meal Frequency in Children Aged 6–23 Months in Uganda
title_sort identifying predictors for minimum dietary diversity and minimum meal frequency in children aged 6–23 months in uganda
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9786234/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36558366
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14245208
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