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Risk of Viral Infectious Diseases from Live Bats, Primates, Rodents and Carnivores for Sale in Indonesian Wildlife Markets

Southeast Asia is considered a global hotspot of emerging zoonotic diseases. There, wildlife is commonly traded under poor sanitary conditions in open markets; these markets have been considered ‘the perfect storm’ for zoonotic disease transmission. We assessed the potential of wildlife trade in spr...

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Autores principales: Morcatty, Thais Q., Pereyra, Paula E. R., Ardiansyah, Ahmad, Imron, Muhammad Ali, Hedger, Katherine, Campera, Marco, Nekaris, K. Anne-Isola, Nijman, Vincent
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9786693/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36560762
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14122756
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author Morcatty, Thais Q.
Pereyra, Paula E. R.
Ardiansyah, Ahmad
Imron, Muhammad Ali
Hedger, Katherine
Campera, Marco
Nekaris, K. Anne-Isola
Nijman, Vincent
author_facet Morcatty, Thais Q.
Pereyra, Paula E. R.
Ardiansyah, Ahmad
Imron, Muhammad Ali
Hedger, Katherine
Campera, Marco
Nekaris, K. Anne-Isola
Nijman, Vincent
author_sort Morcatty, Thais Q.
collection PubMed
description Southeast Asia is considered a global hotspot of emerging zoonotic diseases. There, wildlife is commonly traded under poor sanitary conditions in open markets; these markets have been considered ‘the perfect storm’ for zoonotic disease transmission. We assessed the potential of wildlife trade in spreading viral diseases by quantifying the number of wild animals of four mammalian orders (Rodentia, Chiroptera, Carnivora and Primates) on sale in 14 Indonesian wildlife markets and identifying zoonotic viruses potentially hosted by these animals. We constructed a network analysis to visualize the animals that are traded alongside each other that may carry similar viruses. We recorded 6725 wild animals of at least 15 species on sale. Cities and markets with larger human population and number of stalls, respectively, offered more individuals for sale. Eight out of 15 animal taxa recorded are hosts of 17 zoonotic virus species, nine of which can infect more than one species as a host. The network analysis showed that long-tailed macaque has the greatest potential for spreading viral diseases, since it is simultaneously the most traded species, sold in 13/14 markets, and a potential host for nine viruses. It is traded alongside pig-tailed macaques in three markets, with which it shares six viruses in common (Cowpox, Dengue, Hepatitis E, Herpes B, Simian foamy, and Simian retrovirus type D). Short-nosed fruit bats and large flying foxes are potential hosts of Nipah virus and are also sold in large quantities in 10/14 markets. This study highlights the need for better surveillance and sanitary conditions to avoid the negative health impacts of unregulated wildlife markets.
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spelling pubmed-97866932022-12-24 Risk of Viral Infectious Diseases from Live Bats, Primates, Rodents and Carnivores for Sale in Indonesian Wildlife Markets Morcatty, Thais Q. Pereyra, Paula E. R. Ardiansyah, Ahmad Imron, Muhammad Ali Hedger, Katherine Campera, Marco Nekaris, K. Anne-Isola Nijman, Vincent Viruses Article Southeast Asia is considered a global hotspot of emerging zoonotic diseases. There, wildlife is commonly traded under poor sanitary conditions in open markets; these markets have been considered ‘the perfect storm’ for zoonotic disease transmission. We assessed the potential of wildlife trade in spreading viral diseases by quantifying the number of wild animals of four mammalian orders (Rodentia, Chiroptera, Carnivora and Primates) on sale in 14 Indonesian wildlife markets and identifying zoonotic viruses potentially hosted by these animals. We constructed a network analysis to visualize the animals that are traded alongside each other that may carry similar viruses. We recorded 6725 wild animals of at least 15 species on sale. Cities and markets with larger human population and number of stalls, respectively, offered more individuals for sale. Eight out of 15 animal taxa recorded are hosts of 17 zoonotic virus species, nine of which can infect more than one species as a host. The network analysis showed that long-tailed macaque has the greatest potential for spreading viral diseases, since it is simultaneously the most traded species, sold in 13/14 markets, and a potential host for nine viruses. It is traded alongside pig-tailed macaques in three markets, with which it shares six viruses in common (Cowpox, Dengue, Hepatitis E, Herpes B, Simian foamy, and Simian retrovirus type D). Short-nosed fruit bats and large flying foxes are potential hosts of Nipah virus and are also sold in large quantities in 10/14 markets. This study highlights the need for better surveillance and sanitary conditions to avoid the negative health impacts of unregulated wildlife markets. MDPI 2022-12-10 /pmc/articles/PMC9786693/ /pubmed/36560762 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14122756 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Morcatty, Thais Q.
Pereyra, Paula E. R.
Ardiansyah, Ahmad
Imron, Muhammad Ali
Hedger, Katherine
Campera, Marco
Nekaris, K. Anne-Isola
Nijman, Vincent
Risk of Viral Infectious Diseases from Live Bats, Primates, Rodents and Carnivores for Sale in Indonesian Wildlife Markets
title Risk of Viral Infectious Diseases from Live Bats, Primates, Rodents and Carnivores for Sale in Indonesian Wildlife Markets
title_full Risk of Viral Infectious Diseases from Live Bats, Primates, Rodents and Carnivores for Sale in Indonesian Wildlife Markets
title_fullStr Risk of Viral Infectious Diseases from Live Bats, Primates, Rodents and Carnivores for Sale in Indonesian Wildlife Markets
title_full_unstemmed Risk of Viral Infectious Diseases from Live Bats, Primates, Rodents and Carnivores for Sale in Indonesian Wildlife Markets
title_short Risk of Viral Infectious Diseases from Live Bats, Primates, Rodents and Carnivores for Sale in Indonesian Wildlife Markets
title_sort risk of viral infectious diseases from live bats, primates, rodents and carnivores for sale in indonesian wildlife markets
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9786693/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36560762
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14122756
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