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A New Strategy for Achieving Shape Memory Effects in 4D Printed Two-Layer Composite Structures
In this study, a new strategy and design for achieving a shape memory effect (SME) and 4D printed two-layer composite structures is unveiled, thanks to fused deposition modeling (FDM) biomaterial printing of commercial filaments, which do not have an SME. We used ABS and PCL as two well-known thermo...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9787995/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36559813 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14245446 |
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author | Rahmatabadi, Davood Aberoumand, Mohammad Soltanmohammadi, Kianoosh Soleyman, Elyas Ghasemi, Ismaeil Baniassadi, Majid Abrinia, Karen Zolfagharian, Ali Bodaghi, Mahdi Baghani, Mostafa |
author_facet | Rahmatabadi, Davood Aberoumand, Mohammad Soltanmohammadi, Kianoosh Soleyman, Elyas Ghasemi, Ismaeil Baniassadi, Majid Abrinia, Karen Zolfagharian, Ali Bodaghi, Mahdi Baghani, Mostafa |
author_sort | Rahmatabadi, Davood |
collection | PubMed |
description | In this study, a new strategy and design for achieving a shape memory effect (SME) and 4D printed two-layer composite structures is unveiled, thanks to fused deposition modeling (FDM) biomaterial printing of commercial filaments, which do not have an SME. We used ABS and PCL as two well-known thermoplastics, and TPU as elastomer filaments that were printed in a two-layer structure. The thermoplastic layer plays the role of constraint for the elastomeric layer. A rubber-to-glass transition of the thermoplastic layer acts as a switching phenomenon that provides the capability of stabilizing the temporary shape, as well as storing the deformation stress for the subsequent recovery of the permanent shape by phase changing the thermoplastic layer in the opposite direction. The results show that ABS–TPU had fixity and recovery ratios above 90%. The PCL–TPU composite structure also demonstrated complete recovery, but its fixity was 77.42%. The difference in the SME of the two composite structures is related to the transition for each thermoplastic and programming temperature. Additionally, in the early cycles, the shape-memory performance decreased, and in the fourth and fifth cycles, it almost stabilized. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photographs illustrated superior interfacial bonding and part integrity in the case of multi-material 3D printing. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9787995 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97879952022-12-24 A New Strategy for Achieving Shape Memory Effects in 4D Printed Two-Layer Composite Structures Rahmatabadi, Davood Aberoumand, Mohammad Soltanmohammadi, Kianoosh Soleyman, Elyas Ghasemi, Ismaeil Baniassadi, Majid Abrinia, Karen Zolfagharian, Ali Bodaghi, Mahdi Baghani, Mostafa Polymers (Basel) Article In this study, a new strategy and design for achieving a shape memory effect (SME) and 4D printed two-layer composite structures is unveiled, thanks to fused deposition modeling (FDM) biomaterial printing of commercial filaments, which do not have an SME. We used ABS and PCL as two well-known thermoplastics, and TPU as elastomer filaments that were printed in a two-layer structure. The thermoplastic layer plays the role of constraint for the elastomeric layer. A rubber-to-glass transition of the thermoplastic layer acts as a switching phenomenon that provides the capability of stabilizing the temporary shape, as well as storing the deformation stress for the subsequent recovery of the permanent shape by phase changing the thermoplastic layer in the opposite direction. The results show that ABS–TPU had fixity and recovery ratios above 90%. The PCL–TPU composite structure also demonstrated complete recovery, but its fixity was 77.42%. The difference in the SME of the two composite structures is related to the transition for each thermoplastic and programming temperature. Additionally, in the early cycles, the shape-memory performance decreased, and in the fourth and fifth cycles, it almost stabilized. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photographs illustrated superior interfacial bonding and part integrity in the case of multi-material 3D printing. MDPI 2022-12-13 /pmc/articles/PMC9787995/ /pubmed/36559813 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14245446 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Rahmatabadi, Davood Aberoumand, Mohammad Soltanmohammadi, Kianoosh Soleyman, Elyas Ghasemi, Ismaeil Baniassadi, Majid Abrinia, Karen Zolfagharian, Ali Bodaghi, Mahdi Baghani, Mostafa A New Strategy for Achieving Shape Memory Effects in 4D Printed Two-Layer Composite Structures |
title | A New Strategy for Achieving Shape Memory Effects in 4D Printed Two-Layer Composite Structures |
title_full | A New Strategy for Achieving Shape Memory Effects in 4D Printed Two-Layer Composite Structures |
title_fullStr | A New Strategy for Achieving Shape Memory Effects in 4D Printed Two-Layer Composite Structures |
title_full_unstemmed | A New Strategy for Achieving Shape Memory Effects in 4D Printed Two-Layer Composite Structures |
title_short | A New Strategy for Achieving Shape Memory Effects in 4D Printed Two-Layer Composite Structures |
title_sort | new strategy for achieving shape memory effects in 4d printed two-layer composite structures |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9787995/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36559813 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14245446 |
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