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A Hardware System for Synchronous Processing of Multiple Marine Dynamics MEMS Sensors
Temperature, depth, conductivity, and turbulence are fundamental parameters of marine dynamics in the field of ocean science. These closely correlated parameters require time-synchronized observations to provide feedback on marine environmental problems, which requires using sensors with synchronize...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9788603/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36557434 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13122135 |
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author | Jing, Junmin Zhang, Zengxing Liao, Zhiwei Yao, Bin Guo, Yuzhen Zhang, Wenjun Xu, Yanbo Xue, Chenyang |
author_facet | Jing, Junmin Zhang, Zengxing Liao, Zhiwei Yao, Bin Guo, Yuzhen Zhang, Wenjun Xu, Yanbo Xue, Chenyang |
author_sort | Jing, Junmin |
collection | PubMed |
description | Temperature, depth, conductivity, and turbulence are fundamental parameters of marine dynamics in the field of ocean science. These closely correlated parameters require time-synchronized observations to provide feedback on marine environmental problems, which requires using sensors with synchronized power supply, multi-path data solving, recording, and storage performances. To address this challenge, this work proposes a hardware system capable of synchronously processing temperature, depth, conductivity, and turbulence data on marine dynamics collected by sensors. The proposed system uses constant voltage sources to excite temperature and turbulence sensors, a constant current source to drive a depth sensor, and an alternating current (AC) constant voltage source to drive a conductivity sensor. In addition, the proposed system uses a high-precision analog-digital converter to acquire the direct current (DC) signals from temperature, depth, and turbulence sensors, as well as the AC signals from conductivity sensors. Since the sampling frequency of turbulence sensors is different from that of the other sensors, the proposed system stores the generated data at different storage rates as multiple-files. Further, the proposed hardware system manages these files through a file system (file allocation tab) to reduce the data parsing difficulty. The proposed sensing and hardware logic system is verified and compared with the standard conductivity-temperature-depth measurement system in the National Center of Ocean Standards and Metrology. The results indicate that the proposed system achieved National Verification Level II Standard. In addition, the proposed system has a temperature indication error smaller than 0.02 °C, a conductivity error less than 0.073 mS/cm, and a pressure error lower than 0.8‰ FS. The turbulence sensor shows good response and consistency. Therefore, for observation methods based on a single point, single line, and single profile, it is necessary to study multi-parameter data synchronous acquisition and processing in the time and spatial domains to collect fundamental physical quantities of temperature, salt, depth, and turbulence. The four basic physical parameters collected by the proposed system are beneficial to the in-depth research on physical ocean motion, heat transfer, energy transfer, mass transfer, and heat-energy-mass coupling and can help to realize accurate simulation, inversion, and prediction of ocean phenomena. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9788603 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97886032022-12-24 A Hardware System for Synchronous Processing of Multiple Marine Dynamics MEMS Sensors Jing, Junmin Zhang, Zengxing Liao, Zhiwei Yao, Bin Guo, Yuzhen Zhang, Wenjun Xu, Yanbo Xue, Chenyang Micromachines (Basel) Article Temperature, depth, conductivity, and turbulence are fundamental parameters of marine dynamics in the field of ocean science. These closely correlated parameters require time-synchronized observations to provide feedback on marine environmental problems, which requires using sensors with synchronized power supply, multi-path data solving, recording, and storage performances. To address this challenge, this work proposes a hardware system capable of synchronously processing temperature, depth, conductivity, and turbulence data on marine dynamics collected by sensors. The proposed system uses constant voltage sources to excite temperature and turbulence sensors, a constant current source to drive a depth sensor, and an alternating current (AC) constant voltage source to drive a conductivity sensor. In addition, the proposed system uses a high-precision analog-digital converter to acquire the direct current (DC) signals from temperature, depth, and turbulence sensors, as well as the AC signals from conductivity sensors. Since the sampling frequency of turbulence sensors is different from that of the other sensors, the proposed system stores the generated data at different storage rates as multiple-files. Further, the proposed hardware system manages these files through a file system (file allocation tab) to reduce the data parsing difficulty. The proposed sensing and hardware logic system is verified and compared with the standard conductivity-temperature-depth measurement system in the National Center of Ocean Standards and Metrology. The results indicate that the proposed system achieved National Verification Level II Standard. In addition, the proposed system has a temperature indication error smaller than 0.02 °C, a conductivity error less than 0.073 mS/cm, and a pressure error lower than 0.8‰ FS. The turbulence sensor shows good response and consistency. Therefore, for observation methods based on a single point, single line, and single profile, it is necessary to study multi-parameter data synchronous acquisition and processing in the time and spatial domains to collect fundamental physical quantities of temperature, salt, depth, and turbulence. The four basic physical parameters collected by the proposed system are beneficial to the in-depth research on physical ocean motion, heat transfer, energy transfer, mass transfer, and heat-energy-mass coupling and can help to realize accurate simulation, inversion, and prediction of ocean phenomena. MDPI 2022-12-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9788603/ /pubmed/36557434 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13122135 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Jing, Junmin Zhang, Zengxing Liao, Zhiwei Yao, Bin Guo, Yuzhen Zhang, Wenjun Xu, Yanbo Xue, Chenyang A Hardware System for Synchronous Processing of Multiple Marine Dynamics MEMS Sensors |
title | A Hardware System for Synchronous Processing of Multiple Marine Dynamics MEMS Sensors |
title_full | A Hardware System for Synchronous Processing of Multiple Marine Dynamics MEMS Sensors |
title_fullStr | A Hardware System for Synchronous Processing of Multiple Marine Dynamics MEMS Sensors |
title_full_unstemmed | A Hardware System for Synchronous Processing of Multiple Marine Dynamics MEMS Sensors |
title_short | A Hardware System for Synchronous Processing of Multiple Marine Dynamics MEMS Sensors |
title_sort | hardware system for synchronous processing of multiple marine dynamics mems sensors |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9788603/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36557434 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13122135 |
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