Cargando…

Active waveguide Bragg lasers via conformal contact PDMS stamps

Lasing is observed in Bragg lasers formed through conformal contact of a patterned PDMS stamp with a plain active film, spincoated on glass. The thresholds, output efficiencies and spectral characteristics are compared to standard substrate patterned gratings and is discussed in relation to the coup...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Li, Yun, Lakhwani, Girish
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9789066/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36564483
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-26218-7
_version_ 1784858893833207808
author Li, Yun
Lakhwani, Girish
author_facet Li, Yun
Lakhwani, Girish
author_sort Li, Yun
collection PubMed
description Lasing is observed in Bragg lasers formed through conformal contact of a patterned PDMS stamp with a plain active film, spincoated on glass. The thresholds, output efficiencies and spectral characteristics are compared to standard substrate patterned gratings and is discussed in relation to the coupling coefficient [Formula: see text] . The reported thresholds are highly sensitive in distributed feedback (DFB) lasers to grating duty cycles, for both PDMS-air and substrate–film lasers. Overall, laser thresholds of PDMS-air (PA) DFB lasers are found to be significantly higher than substrate–film (SF) lasers, which is attributed to an approximate three-fold reduction of optical-confinement in the grating region. Slope output efficiencies are found to be comparatively higher in PA lasers relative to SF lasers for both DFB and DBR configurations and is attributed to several competing factors. The PDMS can be removed from the surface of the active film repeatedly and conformal contact is limited mainly by the particle build up on the PDMS surface. The proposed PA system is expected to be useful in rapid laser metrology of new gain materials and in practical applications of optically pumped lasers.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9789066
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher Nature Publishing Group UK
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-97890662022-12-25 Active waveguide Bragg lasers via conformal contact PDMS stamps Li, Yun Lakhwani, Girish Sci Rep Article Lasing is observed in Bragg lasers formed through conformal contact of a patterned PDMS stamp with a plain active film, spincoated on glass. The thresholds, output efficiencies and spectral characteristics are compared to standard substrate patterned gratings and is discussed in relation to the coupling coefficient [Formula: see text] . The reported thresholds are highly sensitive in distributed feedback (DFB) lasers to grating duty cycles, for both PDMS-air and substrate–film lasers. Overall, laser thresholds of PDMS-air (PA) DFB lasers are found to be significantly higher than substrate–film (SF) lasers, which is attributed to an approximate three-fold reduction of optical-confinement in the grating region. Slope output efficiencies are found to be comparatively higher in PA lasers relative to SF lasers for both DFB and DBR configurations and is attributed to several competing factors. The PDMS can be removed from the surface of the active film repeatedly and conformal contact is limited mainly by the particle build up on the PDMS surface. The proposed PA system is expected to be useful in rapid laser metrology of new gain materials and in practical applications of optically pumped lasers. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-12-23 /pmc/articles/PMC9789066/ /pubmed/36564483 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-26218-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Li, Yun
Lakhwani, Girish
Active waveguide Bragg lasers via conformal contact PDMS stamps
title Active waveguide Bragg lasers via conformal contact PDMS stamps
title_full Active waveguide Bragg lasers via conformal contact PDMS stamps
title_fullStr Active waveguide Bragg lasers via conformal contact PDMS stamps
title_full_unstemmed Active waveguide Bragg lasers via conformal contact PDMS stamps
title_short Active waveguide Bragg lasers via conformal contact PDMS stamps
title_sort active waveguide bragg lasers via conformal contact pdms stamps
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9789066/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36564483
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-26218-7
work_keys_str_mv AT liyun activewaveguidebragglasersviaconformalcontactpdmsstamps
AT lakhwanigirish activewaveguidebragglasersviaconformalcontactpdmsstamps