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Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus infection of pigs leads to shedding in faeces and a carrier state
In 2019, Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus was recognized as an emerging pathogen of swine, associated with sudden deaths, increased abortion rates and septicaemia. Limited data are available regarding this disease in pigs. The objectives of this study were to clarify clinical progression, pat...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9790520/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35182443 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tbed.14481 |
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author | Costa, Matheus de Oliveira Harding, John Clare Samuel Huang, Yanyun Nosach, Roman |
author_facet | Costa, Matheus de Oliveira Harding, John Clare Samuel Huang, Yanyun Nosach, Roman |
author_sort | Costa, Matheus de Oliveira |
collection | PubMed |
description | In 2019, Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus was recognized as an emerging pathogen of swine, associated with sudden deaths, increased abortion rates and septicaemia. Limited data are available regarding this disease in pigs. The objectives of this study were to clarify clinical progression, pathogen shedding, transmission, gross and microscopic lesions following infection in pigs. Six weeks old pigs were inoculated with either S. zooepidemicus sequence type 194 (inoculated, n = 6) or sham inoculated with sterile culture broth (sentinels, n = 4). Animals were housed in the same room, in two pens 2 m apart. Pigs were monitored twice daily for clinical signs, and rectal, nasal and oral swabs were collected once daily. A full necropsy was performed if welfare was a concern or at 5 days post‐inoculation (dpi). All sentinels remained disease free and their samples tested negative for the pathogen of interest. All inoculated pigs developed fever within 8 h of inoculation, and severe disease was observed after 2 dpi. A total of 4/6 inoculated pigs developed clinical signs that compromised animal welfare and were euthanized. Nasal swabs (15/23), followed by rectal swabs (9/23) yield the highest number of positive ante‐mortem samples. Clinically healthy, inoculated pigs had detectable levels of S. zooepidemicus in rectal and nasal swabs. Reactive submandibular lymph nodes, kidney petechiae and splenomegaly were found in six of six inoculated pigs. These data suggest that subclinically infected pigs may spread the pathogen through nasal secretions and faeces. Direct contact seems to be required for transmission. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9790520 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97905202022-12-28 Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus infection of pigs leads to shedding in faeces and a carrier state Costa, Matheus de Oliveira Harding, John Clare Samuel Huang, Yanyun Nosach, Roman Transbound Emerg Dis Original Articles In 2019, Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus was recognized as an emerging pathogen of swine, associated with sudden deaths, increased abortion rates and septicaemia. Limited data are available regarding this disease in pigs. The objectives of this study were to clarify clinical progression, pathogen shedding, transmission, gross and microscopic lesions following infection in pigs. Six weeks old pigs were inoculated with either S. zooepidemicus sequence type 194 (inoculated, n = 6) or sham inoculated with sterile culture broth (sentinels, n = 4). Animals were housed in the same room, in two pens 2 m apart. Pigs were monitored twice daily for clinical signs, and rectal, nasal and oral swabs were collected once daily. A full necropsy was performed if welfare was a concern or at 5 days post‐inoculation (dpi). All sentinels remained disease free and their samples tested negative for the pathogen of interest. All inoculated pigs developed fever within 8 h of inoculation, and severe disease was observed after 2 dpi. A total of 4/6 inoculated pigs developed clinical signs that compromised animal welfare and were euthanized. Nasal swabs (15/23), followed by rectal swabs (9/23) yield the highest number of positive ante‐mortem samples. Clinically healthy, inoculated pigs had detectable levels of S. zooepidemicus in rectal and nasal swabs. Reactive submandibular lymph nodes, kidney petechiae and splenomegaly were found in six of six inoculated pigs. These data suggest that subclinically infected pigs may spread the pathogen through nasal secretions and faeces. Direct contact seems to be required for transmission. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-03-13 2022-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9790520/ /pubmed/35182443 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tbed.14481 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. |
spellingShingle | Original Articles Costa, Matheus de Oliveira Harding, John Clare Samuel Huang, Yanyun Nosach, Roman Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus infection of pigs leads to shedding in faeces and a carrier state |
title |
Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus infection of pigs leads to shedding in faeces and a carrier state |
title_full |
Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus infection of pigs leads to shedding in faeces and a carrier state |
title_fullStr |
Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus infection of pigs leads to shedding in faeces and a carrier state |
title_full_unstemmed |
Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus infection of pigs leads to shedding in faeces and a carrier state |
title_short |
Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus infection of pigs leads to shedding in faeces and a carrier state |
title_sort | streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus infection of pigs leads to shedding in faeces and a carrier state |
topic | Original Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9790520/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35182443 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tbed.14481 |
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