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The role of maternal age, growth, and environment in shaping offspring performance in an aerial conifer seed bank

PREMISE: Maternal effects have been demonstrated to affect offspring performance in many organisms, and in plants, seeds are important mediators of these effects. Some woody plant species maintain long‐lasting canopy seed banks as an adaptation to wildfires. Importantly, these seeds stored in seroti...

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Autores principales: Callejas‐Díaz, Marta, Chambel, M. Regina, San‐Martín‐Lorén, Javier, Gea‐Izquierdo, Guillermo, Santos‐Del‐Blanco, Luis, Postma, Erik, Climent, José M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9790720/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34973037
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1811
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author Callejas‐Díaz, Marta
Chambel, M. Regina
San‐Martín‐Lorén, Javier
Gea‐Izquierdo, Guillermo
Santos‐Del‐Blanco, Luis
Postma, Erik
Climent, José M.
author_facet Callejas‐Díaz, Marta
Chambel, M. Regina
San‐Martín‐Lorén, Javier
Gea‐Izquierdo, Guillermo
Santos‐Del‐Blanco, Luis
Postma, Erik
Climent, José M.
author_sort Callejas‐Díaz, Marta
collection PubMed
description PREMISE: Maternal effects have been demonstrated to affect offspring performance in many organisms, and in plants, seeds are important mediators of these effects. Some woody plant species maintain long‐lasting canopy seed banks as an adaptation to wildfires. Importantly, these seeds stored in serotinous cones are produced by the mother plant under varying ontogenetic and physiological conditions. METHODS: We sampled the canopy seed bank of a highly serotinous population of Pinus pinaster to test whether maternal age and growth and the environmental conditions during each crop year affected seed mass and ultimately germination and early survival. After determining retrospectively the year of each seed cohort, we followed germination and early survival in a semi‐natural common garden. RESULTS: Seed mass was related to maternal age and growth at the time of seed production; i.e., slow‐growing, older mothers had smaller seeds, and fast‐growing, young mothers had larger seeds, which could be interpreted either as a proxy of senescence or as a maternal strategy. Seed mass had a positive effect on germination success, but aside from differences in seed mass, maternal age had a negative effect and diameter had a positive effect on germination timing and subsequent survival. CONCLUSIONS: The results highlight the importance of maternal conditions combined with seed mass in shaping seedling establishment. Our findings open new insights in the offspring performance deriving from long‐term canopy seed banks, which may have high relevance for plant adaptation.
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spelling pubmed-97907202022-12-28 The role of maternal age, growth, and environment in shaping offspring performance in an aerial conifer seed bank Callejas‐Díaz, Marta Chambel, M. Regina San‐Martín‐Lorén, Javier Gea‐Izquierdo, Guillermo Santos‐Del‐Blanco, Luis Postma, Erik Climent, José M. Am J Bot Research Articles PREMISE: Maternal effects have been demonstrated to affect offspring performance in many organisms, and in plants, seeds are important mediators of these effects. Some woody plant species maintain long‐lasting canopy seed banks as an adaptation to wildfires. Importantly, these seeds stored in serotinous cones are produced by the mother plant under varying ontogenetic and physiological conditions. METHODS: We sampled the canopy seed bank of a highly serotinous population of Pinus pinaster to test whether maternal age and growth and the environmental conditions during each crop year affected seed mass and ultimately germination and early survival. After determining retrospectively the year of each seed cohort, we followed germination and early survival in a semi‐natural common garden. RESULTS: Seed mass was related to maternal age and growth at the time of seed production; i.e., slow‐growing, older mothers had smaller seeds, and fast‐growing, young mothers had larger seeds, which could be interpreted either as a proxy of senescence or as a maternal strategy. Seed mass had a positive effect on germination success, but aside from differences in seed mass, maternal age had a negative effect and diameter had a positive effect on germination timing and subsequent survival. CONCLUSIONS: The results highlight the importance of maternal conditions combined with seed mass in shaping seedling establishment. Our findings open new insights in the offspring performance deriving from long‐term canopy seed banks, which may have high relevance for plant adaptation. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-03-20 2022-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9790720/ /pubmed/34973037 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1811 Text en © 2022 The Authors. American Journal of Botany published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Botanical Society of America. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
spellingShingle Research Articles
Callejas‐Díaz, Marta
Chambel, M. Regina
San‐Martín‐Lorén, Javier
Gea‐Izquierdo, Guillermo
Santos‐Del‐Blanco, Luis
Postma, Erik
Climent, José M.
The role of maternal age, growth, and environment in shaping offspring performance in an aerial conifer seed bank
title The role of maternal age, growth, and environment in shaping offspring performance in an aerial conifer seed bank
title_full The role of maternal age, growth, and environment in shaping offspring performance in an aerial conifer seed bank
title_fullStr The role of maternal age, growth, and environment in shaping offspring performance in an aerial conifer seed bank
title_full_unstemmed The role of maternal age, growth, and environment in shaping offspring performance in an aerial conifer seed bank
title_short The role of maternal age, growth, and environment in shaping offspring performance in an aerial conifer seed bank
title_sort role of maternal age, growth, and environment in shaping offspring performance in an aerial conifer seed bank
topic Research Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9790720/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34973037
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1811
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