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Diversity in Expression Biases of Lineage-Specific Genes During Development and Anhydrobiosis Among Tardigrade Species
Lineage-specific genes can contribute to the emergence and evolution of novel traits and adaptations. Tardigrades are animals that have adapted to tolerate extreme conditions by undergoing a form of cryptobiosis called anhydrobiosis, a physical transformation to an inactive desiccated state. While s...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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SAGE Publications
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9791283/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36578471 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11769343221140277 |
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author | Metivier, Jean-Christophe Chain, Frédéric J J |
author_facet | Metivier, Jean-Christophe Chain, Frédéric J J |
author_sort | Metivier, Jean-Christophe |
collection | PubMed |
description | Lineage-specific genes can contribute to the emergence and evolution of novel traits and adaptations. Tardigrades are animals that have adapted to tolerate extreme conditions by undergoing a form of cryptobiosis called anhydrobiosis, a physical transformation to an inactive desiccated state. While studies to understand the genetics underlying the interspecies diversity in anhydrobiotic transitions have identified tardigrade-specific genes and family expansions involved in this process, the contributions of species-specific genes to the variation in tardigrade development and cryptobiosis are less clear. We used previously published transcriptomes throughout development and anhydrobiosis (5 embryonic stages, 7 juvenile stages, active adults, and tun adults) to assess the transcriptional biases of different classes of genes between 2 tardigrade species, Hypsibius exemplaris and Ramazzottius varieornatus. We also used the transcriptomes of 2 other tardigrades, Echiniscoides sigismundi and Richtersius coronifer, and data from 3 non-tardigrade species (Adenita vaga, Drosophila melanogaster, and Caenorhabditis elegans) to help identify lineage-specific genes. We found that lineage-specific genes have generally low and narrow expression but are enriched among biased genes in different stages of development depending on the species. Biased genes tend to be specific to early and late development, but there is little overlap in functional enrichment of biased genes between species. Gene expansions in the 2 tardigrades also involve families with different functions despite homologous genes being expressed during anhydrobiosis in both species. Our results demonstrate the interspecific variation in transcriptional contributions and biases of lineage-specific genes during development and anhydrobiosis in 2 tardigrades. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9791283 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | SAGE Publications |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97912832022-12-27 Diversity in Expression Biases of Lineage-Specific Genes During Development and Anhydrobiosis Among Tardigrade Species Metivier, Jean-Christophe Chain, Frédéric J J Evol Bioinform Online Original Research Lineage-specific genes can contribute to the emergence and evolution of novel traits and adaptations. Tardigrades are animals that have adapted to tolerate extreme conditions by undergoing a form of cryptobiosis called anhydrobiosis, a physical transformation to an inactive desiccated state. While studies to understand the genetics underlying the interspecies diversity in anhydrobiotic transitions have identified tardigrade-specific genes and family expansions involved in this process, the contributions of species-specific genes to the variation in tardigrade development and cryptobiosis are less clear. We used previously published transcriptomes throughout development and anhydrobiosis (5 embryonic stages, 7 juvenile stages, active adults, and tun adults) to assess the transcriptional biases of different classes of genes between 2 tardigrade species, Hypsibius exemplaris and Ramazzottius varieornatus. We also used the transcriptomes of 2 other tardigrades, Echiniscoides sigismundi and Richtersius coronifer, and data from 3 non-tardigrade species (Adenita vaga, Drosophila melanogaster, and Caenorhabditis elegans) to help identify lineage-specific genes. We found that lineage-specific genes have generally low and narrow expression but are enriched among biased genes in different stages of development depending on the species. Biased genes tend to be specific to early and late development, but there is little overlap in functional enrichment of biased genes between species. Gene expansions in the 2 tardigrades also involve families with different functions despite homologous genes being expressed during anhydrobiosis in both species. Our results demonstrate the interspecific variation in transcriptional contributions and biases of lineage-specific genes during development and anhydrobiosis in 2 tardigrades. SAGE Publications 2022-12-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9791283/ /pubmed/36578471 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11769343221140277 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page(https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). |
spellingShingle | Original Research Metivier, Jean-Christophe Chain, Frédéric J J Diversity in Expression Biases of Lineage-Specific Genes During Development and Anhydrobiosis Among Tardigrade Species |
title | Diversity in Expression Biases of Lineage-Specific Genes During Development and Anhydrobiosis Among Tardigrade Species |
title_full | Diversity in Expression Biases of Lineage-Specific Genes During Development and Anhydrobiosis Among Tardigrade Species |
title_fullStr | Diversity in Expression Biases of Lineage-Specific Genes During Development and Anhydrobiosis Among Tardigrade Species |
title_full_unstemmed | Diversity in Expression Biases of Lineage-Specific Genes During Development and Anhydrobiosis Among Tardigrade Species |
title_short | Diversity in Expression Biases of Lineage-Specific Genes During Development and Anhydrobiosis Among Tardigrade Species |
title_sort | diversity in expression biases of lineage-specific genes during development and anhydrobiosis among tardigrade species |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9791283/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36578471 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11769343221140277 |
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