Identification of Two Novel Frameshift Mutations of the ADAR1 Gene in Two Chinese Families With Dyschromatosis Symmetrica Hereditaria

BACKGROUND: Dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria (DSH) is a rare autosomal dominant skin disease. The mutation of the ADAR1 gene is the pathogenesis of this disorder. AIMS: This study aimed to identify the mutations of the ADAR1 gene in two Chinese families with DSH. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Eight patients from two Chinese families were diagnosed with DSH clinically. Blood samples were collected from the patients and unaffected individuals. Sanger sequencing for all polymerase chain reaction products of the whole coding regions of the ADAR1 gene was performed to identify the mutations. Mutation Taster software was used to predict the impact of the variant on the resultant protein. RESULTS: The c.3358-3359insT (p.L1053fs-1092X) mutation in exon 12 was found in affected members of the pedigree1. In pedigree2, the c.3820-3821insG (p.G1207fs-1213X) mutation in exon 15 was found. These two mutations were not found in 100 unrelated healthy people. In this study, both mutations were damaged by the Mutation Taster software. CONCLUSIONS: We identified two novel frameshift mutations in the ADAR1 gene. Our study expands the database of ADAR1 gene mutations in DSH.