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Sleep loss effects on physiological and cognitive responses to systemic environmental hypoxia
In the course of their missions or training, alpinists, but also mountain combat forces and mountain security services, professional miners, aircrew, aircraft and glider pilots and helicopter crews are regularly exposed to altitude without oxygen supplementation. At altitude, humans are exposed to s...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9792101/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36579023 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.1046166 |
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author | Fabries, Pierre Gomez-Merino, Danielle Sauvet, Fabien Malgoyre, Alexandra Koulmann, Nathalie Chennaoui, Mounir |
author_facet | Fabries, Pierre Gomez-Merino, Danielle Sauvet, Fabien Malgoyre, Alexandra Koulmann, Nathalie Chennaoui, Mounir |
author_sort | Fabries, Pierre |
collection | PubMed |
description | In the course of their missions or training, alpinists, but also mountain combat forces and mountain security services, professional miners, aircrew, aircraft and glider pilots and helicopter crews are regularly exposed to altitude without oxygen supplementation. At altitude, humans are exposed to systemic environmental hypoxia induced by the decrease in barometric pressure (<1,013 hPa) which decreases the inspired partial pressure of oxygen (PIO(2)), while the oxygen fraction is constant (equal to approximately 20.9%). Effects of altitude on humans occur gradually and depend on the duration of exposure and the altitude level. From 1,500 m altitude (response threshold), several adaptive responses offset the effects of hypoxia, involving the respiratory and the cardiovascular systems, and the oxygen transport capacity of the blood. Fatigue and cognitive and sensory disorders are usually observed from 2,500 m (threshold of prolonged hypoxia). Above 3,500 m (the threshold for disorders), the effects are not completely compensated and maladaptive responses occur and individuals develop altitude headache or acute altitude illness [Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS)]. The magnitude of effects varies considerably between different physiological systems and exhibits significant inter-individual variability. In addition to comorbidities, the factors of vulnerability are still little known. They can be constitutive (genetic) or circumstantial (sleep deprivation, fatigue, speed of ascent.). In particular, sleep loss, a condition that is often encountered in real-life settings, could have an impact on the physiological and cognitive responses to hypoxia. In this review, we report the current state of knowledge on the impact of sleep loss on responses to environmental hypoxia in humans, with the aim of identifying possible consequences for AMS risk and cognition, as well as the value of behavioral and non-pharmacological countermeasures. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9792101 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-97921012022-12-27 Sleep loss effects on physiological and cognitive responses to systemic environmental hypoxia Fabries, Pierre Gomez-Merino, Danielle Sauvet, Fabien Malgoyre, Alexandra Koulmann, Nathalie Chennaoui, Mounir Front Physiol Physiology In the course of their missions or training, alpinists, but also mountain combat forces and mountain security services, professional miners, aircrew, aircraft and glider pilots and helicopter crews are regularly exposed to altitude without oxygen supplementation. At altitude, humans are exposed to systemic environmental hypoxia induced by the decrease in barometric pressure (<1,013 hPa) which decreases the inspired partial pressure of oxygen (PIO(2)), while the oxygen fraction is constant (equal to approximately 20.9%). Effects of altitude on humans occur gradually and depend on the duration of exposure and the altitude level. From 1,500 m altitude (response threshold), several adaptive responses offset the effects of hypoxia, involving the respiratory and the cardiovascular systems, and the oxygen transport capacity of the blood. Fatigue and cognitive and sensory disorders are usually observed from 2,500 m (threshold of prolonged hypoxia). Above 3,500 m (the threshold for disorders), the effects are not completely compensated and maladaptive responses occur and individuals develop altitude headache or acute altitude illness [Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS)]. The magnitude of effects varies considerably between different physiological systems and exhibits significant inter-individual variability. In addition to comorbidities, the factors of vulnerability are still little known. They can be constitutive (genetic) or circumstantial (sleep deprivation, fatigue, speed of ascent.). In particular, sleep loss, a condition that is often encountered in real-life settings, could have an impact on the physiological and cognitive responses to hypoxia. In this review, we report the current state of knowledge on the impact of sleep loss on responses to environmental hypoxia in humans, with the aim of identifying possible consequences for AMS risk and cognition, as well as the value of behavioral and non-pharmacological countermeasures. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-12-12 /pmc/articles/PMC9792101/ /pubmed/36579023 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.1046166 Text en Copyright © 2022 Fabries, Gomez-Merino, Sauvet, Malgoyre, Koulmann and Chennaoui. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Physiology Fabries, Pierre Gomez-Merino, Danielle Sauvet, Fabien Malgoyre, Alexandra Koulmann, Nathalie Chennaoui, Mounir Sleep loss effects on physiological and cognitive responses to systemic environmental hypoxia |
title | Sleep loss effects on physiological and cognitive responses to systemic environmental hypoxia |
title_full | Sleep loss effects on physiological and cognitive responses to systemic environmental hypoxia |
title_fullStr | Sleep loss effects on physiological and cognitive responses to systemic environmental hypoxia |
title_full_unstemmed | Sleep loss effects on physiological and cognitive responses to systemic environmental hypoxia |
title_short | Sleep loss effects on physiological and cognitive responses to systemic environmental hypoxia |
title_sort | sleep loss effects on physiological and cognitive responses to systemic environmental hypoxia |
topic | Physiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9792101/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36579023 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.1046166 |
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